The Last Days of the Grande Armee: The Four Days of Waterloo
The Last Days of the Grande Armee: The Four Days of Waterloo Rulebook
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
- 1.0 Introduction
- 1.1 Components
- 1.11 Game Charts & Tables
- 1.12 The Rulebook
- 1.2 The Map
- 1.3 The Playing Pieces
- 1.31 Nationality colors
- 1.32 Composition of the Three Armies
- 1.33 Combat Units
- 1.34 Leaders
- 1.35 Trains
- 1.36 Markers
- 1.4 Glossary
- 1.5 Hidden Forces
- 1.51 Revealing Hidden Forces
- 1.52 Obscuring Hidden Forces
- 1.53 Vedettes, Leaders, and Units with a Strength of One
- 1.6 Set-up
- 1.61 Reinforcements
- 1.62 Reduced Units
- 1.63 Marker Placement
- 2.0 Sequence of Play
- 3.0 Stacking
- 4.0 Zones of Control
- 5.0 Leaders
- 6.0 Reorganization
- 6.1 Eligibility for Reorganization
- 6.11 Permanently Eliminated Units
- 6.12 Combat Units Eligible for Reorganization
- 6.13 Recovery
- 6.14 Leader Requirements
- 6.2 Reorganization Procedure
- 6.21 Reorganizing Undemoralized Units
- 6.22 Reorganizing Leader's Hex
- 6.23 Out of Command Markers
- 6.3 Reorganizing Vedettes
- 6.31 Surrounded Vedettes
- 7.0 Command
- 8.0 Movement
- 9.0 Trains & Pontoon Bridges
- 10.0 Repulse
- 11.0 Combat
- 11.1 Combat Phase Sequence
- 11.2 Defining Combat
- 11.21 All Engaged Units Must Attack
- 11.22 Adjacent units not in ZOCs
- 11.23 Multi-Hex Defense
- 11.24 Multi-Hex Attack
- 11.3 Resolving Combat
- 11.31 Terrain Effects on Combat
- 11.32 Odds Determination
- 11.4 Applying Combat Results
- 11.41 Reorganization Eligibility
- 12.0 Demoralization
- 12.1 Demoralization Levels
- 12.11 Becoming Demoralized
- 12.12 Rallying From Demoralization
- 12.13 Demoralization of Individual Combat Units
- 12.14 Anglo-Allied Nationalities
- 12.15 French Imperial Guard
- 12.2 Demoralization Effects
- 12.21 Initiative
- 12.22 Road March
- 12.23 Combat
- 12.24 Reorganization Procedure
- 13.0 Vedettes
- 13.1 Vedette Breakdown and Reassembly
- 13.11 Creating Vedettes
- 13.12 Reassembling the Unit
- 13.13 Vedettes and Reorganization
- 13.14 Vedettes and Stacking
- 13.15 Vedettes and Supply
- 13.16 Vedettes and Movement
- 13.2 Vedettes in Combat
- 13.21 Vedettes and Retreat
- 13.22 Retreat Before Combat
- 13.23 Vedettes and Combined Arms
- 14.0 Supply (Campaign Scenario)
- 15.0 Reinforcements
- 16.0 Special Unit Abilities
- 17.0 Command Structure
- 18.0 Team Play
- 19.0 Scenarios
- 20.0 Victory Conditions
- 21.0 The Scenarios
- 21.1 Scenario One: The Battles of Ligny & Quatre Bras
- 21.11 First Player
- 21.12 Duration
- 21.13 Special Introductory Format
- 21.14 Initiative Chits At Start
- 21.2 Scenario Two: The Battle of Waterloo
- 21.21 First Player
- 21.22 Duration
- 21.23 Special Introductory Format (see 21.13)
- 21.24 Initiative Chits At Start
- 21.3 Campaign Scenario: The Last Days of the Grande Armée
- Terrain Effects Chart
- Combat Results Table
1.0 Introduction
Last Days of the Grande Armée is a two player simulation of Napoleonic warfare at the divisional level. The map is the playing surface, depicting the area where the battles historically occurred, while the playing pieces (hereafter referred to as units) represent the military formations that fought the campaign. The Players take turns moving these units and attacking enemy units in an attempt to fulfill their Victory Conditions. Historically, the French crossed the Sambre River on the morning of the 15th and fought at Ligny and Quatre Bras all day on the 16th. Waterloo was on the 18th.
A hexagonal grid overlaying the game map divides the playing surface into discrete cells termed hexes. A unit pays a variable number of Movement Points to move from one hex to another, and must stop moving when it has expended Movement Points equal to its Movement Allowance. Combat is resolved by comparing the Combat Strength of the attacking unit to the combat strength of the opposing unit in an adjacent hex. This comparison is expressed in a simple odds ratio. A die is then rolled and the result located on the Combat Results Table.
1.1 Components
Last Days of the Grande Armée contains the following components:
- One 22x34 map
- One Rulebook
- One sheet of 280 die-cut playing pieces
- Three Army Set-up Cards/Player Aid Cards on reverse
- One Orders Slip Sheet
- One box
(One six-sided die is required for play, not included.)
1.11 Game Charts & Tables
Charts, Tables & Tracks referenced during play:
- Set-Up Tables (French, Anglo-Allied & Prussian)
- Terrain Key on the map
- Terrain Effects Chart in this folder
- Turn Record Track on the map
- Reinforcement Tracks on the map
- Combat Results Table in this folder
- Elan Table (optional)
- Casualty Tracks
- Units Available for Reorganization box
- Permanently Eliminated Units box
1.12 The Rulebook
This book contains Rules, Scenarios, and the Charts & Tables.
1.2 The Map
A hexagonal grid has been superimposed on the map to standardize the spatial relationship between its geographic features. Each hex is one mile from side to side (1760 yards, 1610 meters). Each hex also has a four-digit code printed within it to facilitate setting up the units prior to play (see Set-up Tables for the actual locations).
1.3 The Playing Pieces
The playing pieces are of four types: Combat Units, Trains, Leaders, and Markers. These are color-coded to represent the various nations.
1.31 Nationality colors
| Abbr. | Nationality | Background | Stripe | Ratings |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB | Great Britain | Red | White | Black |
| Han | Hanoverian | Red | Gray | Black |
| KGL | King's German | Feldgrau | Orange | White |
| D/B | Dutch Belgian | Navy Blue | White | Black |
| Nas | Nassau | Gray-Green | Gray-Green | Black |
1.32 Composition of the Three Armies
The first six nationalities comprise Wellington's Anglo-Allied Army; the Prussians comprise Blücher's Army. These forces belong to the Anglo-Prussian Player and are considered "friendly." (In a three-player game, one player represents Blücher and one Wellington; in a four-player game, one French Player represents Napoleon & one, Ney or Grouchy; see 18.0)
1.33 Combat Units
The numbers and symbols printed on the units relate the Combat Strength, Unit Quality Rating, Movement Allowance, Unit Type, Size, and Name. (A diagram of the counter shows: Nr. of Vedettes, Designation, Command Designation (Formation), Unit Type, Size, Combat Strength, Movement Allowance, Unit Quality Rating.) Combat unit symbols: Infantry, Cavalry, Artillery, Vedette, Bridge Train, Horse Artillery.
Combat Unit Size: Interpret Unit Size Symbols as follows: II = Battery, X = Brigade, XX = Division.
1.34 Leaders
Also color coded for nationality, the numbers displayed on a Leader counter record his Name, Formation, Movement Allowance, and Command Rating. Leaders come in two types; Commanders and Officers. Commanders have Command Ratings; Officers do not. The different capabilities of Commanders and Officers are thoroughly explained in the Command Rule (see 7.0).
Commanders' counters show: Name, Command Rating, Movement Allowance. Officers' counters show: Name, Command Designation, Movement Allowance.
1.35 Trains
Bridge Trains have the unique ability to build Pontoon Bridges (see 9.2); Trains move like cavalry, paying cavalry costs, and have no ZOC.
1.36 Markers
Markers are placed on the map to indicate important information during play; they are depicted in the rules where their use is explained.
NOTE: The Optional Hidden Force Markers have other informational markers on their front sides—Demoralized, Road March, and Out of Command Markers.
1.4 Glossary
The following are important concepts:
Combat Strength: The total manpower of a Combat Unit quantified in Strength Points (SPs). The manpower per SP varies by nationality: French Guard = 660 to 830. French cavalry = 660 to 1,000. Prussian infantry = 1,000 to 1,200. All other French and Prussian combat units = 800 to 1,000. Brunswick = 800, Cooke (Gds) = 830, Stedman = 1,200, Anthing and D/B cavalry = 1,330. All other Anglo-Allied units = 1,000.
Combat Unit: All playing pieces (except Leaders, Trains, and Markers). Only Combat Units may attack or defend against enemy Combat Units.
Combined Arms: An attacking force with infantry, artillery and cavalry gains a combat odds shift of one column to the right. The cavalry may include vedettes (see 16.1) but must have a strength of at least one after all modifications. Combined Arms Attacks are not possible when (a) any cavalry of the force is attacking through a woods hexside; (b) attacking into a chateau; (c) the defending hex also contains infantry and at least one SP of cavalry; (d) through a river bridge.
Commanders: Leaders at the highest level who may place their subordinates (Officers and Combat Units) "In Command" so that they may move automatically during their turn.
Command Designation: The designation (usually a Corps's Roman Numeral) shared by an Officer and the units of his command. An Officer commands all Combat Units that share his Command Designation.
Command Range: The "radius of command" beyond which the Commander cannot place units and officers "In Command."
Command Rating: The number of Formations and individual Combat Units that a Commander may place "In Command" at one time.
Élan: Optional Rule (see 11.7). Requires a die roll to determine whether a unit may Engage.
Engage: The act of entering an Enemy Zone of Control—this requires an attack upon the adjacent Enemy unit. Artillery when bombarding are not "Engaged."
Force: (a) a single stack, or (b) an entire Formation, excluding any out of command units.
Formation (generally Corps): A group of Combat Units and an Officer that share the same command designation.
Initiative: Used to determine the rate of movement of all the units of an army (Vedettes however may always move up to 9 MPs; see 8.1).
In Command: To be within the Command Range of a Commander, or of an Officer who is in turn In Command.
Leaders: Commanders and Officers, including their staffs, necessary to link all parts of the army to its Chain of Command.
March Order: A March Order allows a Force to move during the Friendly Command Movement Segment (even at night) regardless of Command Range (see 7.2).
Movement Allowance: The total of Movement Points a unit may expend during each friendly Movement Phase. Each clear terrain hex costs one Movement Point to enter. Thus, an infantry unit may move up to 5 clear terrain hexes each turn. When the Movement Allowance is reduced to zero, the unit ceases movement. NOTE: The printed Movement Allowance on the unit counter represents the "normal" Movement Allowance for units of that type. However, the actual Movement Allowance will vary (see "Initiative").
Officers: Leaders (of a Corps or 'Formation') who are in charge of all units that share their Command Designation. They are the second link in the chain of command, between Commanders and Combat Units.
Phasing Player: The Player whose Player-Turn is in progress (see 2.11).
Reduced Unit: A reduced unit is indicated by an ® in its unit symbol on its reduced side (see 19.28).
Reorganization: To return units previously eliminated in combat back into play. Commanders may Reorganize any Combat Unit in the Night Half Section of the UAR box Section of the UAR box, while Officers may only Reorganize such Combat Units from their Formation.
Repulse: Moving forces may attempt to displace enemy units out of their path. In order for a Repulse to succeed the moving force must have 5-1 odds (see 10.0).
Road March: In order to benefit from road and bridge terrain costs a unit must be in "Road March." This can be declared freely by the player, but units in Road March may not stack and have other limits on their movement (see 8.42).
Supply Line: A Line of up to 9 connected hexes from a Combat Unit to road hex, whence an uninterrupted line of connected road hexes of any length must continue the line to a Friendly Supply Source.
Train Units: Bridge Trains and artillery which pay cavalry costs, and have no ZOC (see 9.1). Train units (and artillery) pay double the normal terrain movement costs during mud. Trains move free of command restrictions.
Unit I.D.: The name of the Corps or Division General;
Unit Type: The combat arm, either infantry, artillery or cavalry. Cavalry and artillery have separate terrain costs for some types of terrain (see Terrain Effects on Movement.)
Units Awaiting Reorganization box [UAR box]: A holding area for combat units which have been eliminated in combat, including those currently eligible for reorganization. This box is divided into sections labeled "Day Half" and "Night Half."
Vedettes: Vedettes provide your scouting and screening abilities. Light Cavalry units can be broken-down into a number of Vedettes indicated by the number of asterisks to the left of the unit's name.
Woods Hexsides: Cavalry & Artillery pays 3, Infantry 1 additional MP to cross a hexside completely covered by the woods pattern. Cavalry attacking or defending across a woods hexside has its combat value halved (no effect on Infantry Combat Strength, attacking or defending). Combined Arms Attacks are not possible when any portion of the attack goes through a woods hexside. NOTE: Woods are treated as a hexside type in this game. "Woods Hexes" have no effect.
Zone of Control: (ZOC) All six hexes adjacent to a Combat Unit, unless blocked. A River on the hexside blocks ZOCs—units exert no ZOC across River hexsides (bridged or unbridged) (see 4.0).
1.5 Hidden Forces
At the beginning of each scenario, units are placed on the map as Hidden Forces, flag side up, obscuring the unit's identity from the opposing player. The owning player may examine his own forces at any time. All units remain obscured until revealed (according to 1.51).
1.51 Revealing Hidden Forces
A Hidden Force is revealed and turned face-up:
- At the beginning of any Movement Phase if in an enemy ZOC—both the moving and non-moving force are revealed.
- During the Movement Phase if involved in a Repulse—both the moving and target force are revealed. Both players reveal their own Hidden Forces involved.
- At the beginning of any Combat Phase if in an enemy ZOC—both the attacker and defender reveal.
- At the beginning of any Combat Phase if the weather is not rain and a force on a hilltop (see 11.31-B) has a straight Line of Sight to an enemy force in a slope hex or clear terrain hex that is four (4) or fewer hexes distant, with no terrain, or any occupied hexes, intervening. The observer on the hilltop must be within four hexes of any friendly leader. For Line-of-Sight purposes, a unit is considered to be on a Hilltop if the line of sight goes downhill through a Slope Hex.
EXAMPLE OF HILLTOP: 2118, 1309, 1207, 1405.
NOTE: The dust and smoke from any unit, friendly or enemy, blocks the LOS.
(Optional) Allow a unit with a Line of Sight as defined in Nr. 4 above to discover only the rounded strength of the hex (to nearest 10 SPs)—instead of turning all those units face up.
1.52 Obscuring Hidden Forces
A Force remains revealed as long as it stays in an EZOC. As soon as units are no longer in EZOCs, or the Repulse or Combat Phase has been resolved, they are once again hidden.
1.53 Vedettes, Leaders, and Units with a Strength of One
These unit types are back-printed as Hidden Force Markers. The backs of these units act as Hidden Force Markers when in place on the top of the stack they occupy. When revealing these forces, simply flip the unit over. Can also use the back of some OOC, Demoralized, or Road March markers. See 1.5 & 1.56 in 4LB.
1.6 Set-up
Players first select a scenario and carefully punch out the units. The units set up on the map according to the locations in the Set Up & Reinforcement Tables. Units may be reduced (set-up their reduced strength counter). The First Player always sets up his units (Hidden Forces) on the map before the Second Player. (First and Second Player designations are given in the particular Scenario instructions—see 21.0).
1.61 Reinforcements
Leaders and Combat Units that are not set up in the scenario arrive later as Reinforcements. These units should be placed directly on the Turn Record Track, as Hidden Forces, in the space corresponding to the turn in which they enter play.
Optional (see 1.5): Place Hidden Force Markers on all Reinforcements waiting to enter the map.
1.62 Reduced Units
Reduced units at start are set-up with their ® facing up (see 19.28).
1.63 Marker Placement
Once all units have been set up, the Game-Turn marker is placed on the turn in which the scenario starts.
2.0 Sequence of Play
Last Days of the Grande Armée is played in a series of sequenced game-turns, each of which represents either 6 hours of daylight, or 6 hours of darkness—three Day and one Night Game-Turns per day.
2.1 Day Game-Turns
Each Day turn is divided into two Player Turns, each of which is further subdivided into three Phases. The First Player resolves all three Phases of his Player Turn, then the Second Player does the same. After the Second Player has completed his Player Turn, the Game-Turn is complete and a new Game-Turn begins.
2.11 First Player Turn
Each of the following Phases must be resolved in the exact order given. Any action that is out of sequence is in violation of the rules.
A. Command and Reorganization Phase: This phase is resolved in two segments as outlined below.
- Reorganization Segment. The Phasing Player may attempt to move any eliminated Combat Units Awaiting Reorganization in Day Section (unrecovered section) to the Night section (recovered section) (see 6.13). The Phasing Player may then use eligible Leaders to bring units from the Night Section of the UAR box (recovered section) back into play. The units are placed in the hex accompanying the Leader who Reorganized them, and the Casualty Tracks (see 12.1) are adjusted accordingly. Leaders that Reorganize combat units may not be part of the "chain of command" during the immediately following Command Segment (they may not put units In Command).
- Command Segment: a) The Phasing Player removes all "Out of Command" markers from his forces. b) The player allocates his Command Points, placing Officers and Combat Units "In Command" (they must be within the Commander's Command Range). If an Officer is placed In Command then any combat units of his Formation within his Command Range are automatically "In Command." c) "Out of Command" markers are placed on all forces not placed In Command during this segment. d) Pontoon Bridges are reconfigured (see 9.23).
B. Movement Phase: This phase is resolved in a series of segments as outlined below.
- Initiative Segment. The Phasing Player draws one Initiative Chit from the Initiative Chit cup and places it face up on the map. This chit specifies the Movement Allowance of his infantry/cavalry units for this turn. Vedettes may always move up to 9 MPs every turn with no Forced March. He may play another Initiative Chit from his hand, giving his units "In Command" a Movement Allowance equal to the total of the two Initiative Chits (see "Forced March" 8.13).
- Movement Segment. The Phasing Player may move some or all of his units and leaders up to the limit of their Movement Allowance. All units may expend the Movement Points specified by the first Initiative Chit, regardless of whether or not they are in Command. Those judged "In Command" may Force March (see "Forced March" 8.13). During this Phase reinforcements may enter and move. Only the Phasing Player's units may move.
C. Combat Phase: Combat is resolved in a series of segments as outlined below:
- Both players simultaneously reveal the identity of all their Combat Units and Leaders that are in an enemy ZOC (see "Zones of Control," 4.0).
- Defending cavalry (including Vedettes) retreat before combat as desired by the owning player (see 16.2). The attacker may have any or all of his cavalry (including Vedettes) make a Retreat Before Combat.
- The Phasing Player conducts a series of Attacks using the procedures outlined in the Combat Rules (see 11.3). He must attack all enemy Combat Units in whose Zones of Control his units find themselves, and every Friendly unit in an enemy ZOC must attack.
- If opposing forces remain engaged after the combat, they remain revealed—otherwise forces are again hidden.
2.12 Second Player Turn
The Second Player Turn is identical to the First Player Turn except the Phasing Player's identity. Command, Movement and Combat Phases are resolved exactly as described for the First Player.
A. Command and Reorganization Phase B. Movement Phase C. Combat Phase D. Game-Turn Marker Advancement Phase: The Game-Turn Marker is moved into the next space on the Turn Record Track, and a new Game-Turn begins.
2.2 Night Game-Turns
The fourth Game-Turn of each 24-hour period is Night. Night Turns are resolved exactly like Day Turns except that 1) there is no Combat Phase; 2) there is an additional Supply Segment; 3) there is a limited Reorganization segment; 4) the Second Player Turn is resolved before the First Player Turn; 5) and, the only movement permissible is restricted to units having March orders. The Second Player Turn is resolved before the First Player Turn.
2.21 Second Player Night Turn
A. Command and Reorganization Phase No Command Segment takes place during Night Turns.
- March Order Dispatch Segment: During night turns only, any one friendly Force may be sent a March Order (see 8.22). This March Order takes effect on the upcoming day.
- Reorganization Segment: All Friendly units still remaining in the Day Section of the Units Awaiting Reorganization box are shifted to the Night Section. During Night no actual Reorganization of units onto the map takes place.
B. Supply Phase The Phasing Player removes all Out of Command markers from Friendly Combat Units and Leaders. He then determines the Supply and Demoralization status of each of his units.
C. Disengagement Phase The Phasing Player moves all of his units that are in an enemy ZOC out of the enemy ZOC one or two hexes, but may not enter another enemy ZOC. If no hex is available, the units remain in place, engaged (see 4.2).
NOTE: The only other time that units may voluntarily exit an EZOC is when Cavalry retreats before combat.
If there is no hex available for disengagement the unit remains engaged. If an in-command unit starts the Movement Phase in an EZOC, it can move out of that EZOC as its first movement (not directly into another ZOC).
2.22 First Player Night Turn
The First Player Night Turn is comprised of the same four phases as the Second Player Night Turn, A–C.
D. Game-Turn Marker Advancement Phase The Game-Turn Marker is moved into the next space on the Turn Record Track.
2.3 Rain Game-Turns
The Turn Record Track shows which Game-Turns are considered Rain. These are resolved exactly like Day Game-Turns except that there is no Combat Phase; instead, there is a "Night" Disengagement Phase.
2.31 First Player Rain Turn
A. Command and Reorganization Phase: Resolved exactly as described under 2.11. B. Movement Phase: Resolved exactly as described under 2.11. C. Night Disengagement Phase: Resolved exactly as described under 2.21.
2.32 Second Player Rain Player Turn
Identical to the First Player Rain Turn; adding:
D. Game-Turn Marker Advancement Phase: The Game-Turn Marker is moved into the next space on the Turn Record Track indicating the beginning of the morning turn.
3.0 Stacking
Players may Stack more than one Friendly Combat unit in a hex at the end of the Movement Phase. It costs one-half Movement Point to enter a hex with another combat unit and remain there. You can move through a unit's hex at no extra cost.
3.1 Stacking Limits
The maximum number of Combat Units permitted in a hex is limited as follows:
3.11 Leader in Hex
A hex with a Leader may contain up to any two infantry units and four cavalry and/or horse artillery units; plus one artillery or bridge train unit. These units need not belong to the same formation as long as a Leader is there to keep things organized. SUMMARY: 2I + 4C/HA + 1A/T
3.12 No Leader in Hex
If no Leader is in the hex, a total of three Combat Units (no more than two infantry), may stack, regardless of their size or type. They may be of any formation, but may not include Trains.
3.13 Free Stacking Units
Leaders, Vedettes, Deployed Pontoon Bridges and all other Markers do not count against the stacking limit.
3.14 Vedettes
Limit each hex to 3 vedettes.
3.2 Road March
Units in Road March may not stack (see 8.42C). Units not in Road March may move through other Friendly units not in Road March, and vice-versa. There is no extra MP cost to move through a friendly-occupied hex.
4.0 Zones of Control
Each ZOC hex represents a battalion of infantry or a regiment of cavalry detached to harass the approaching enemy. The six hexes immediately surrounding a Combat Unit are its Zone of Control. EXCEPTION: If a River hexside intervenes, or if the adjacent hex is a Chateau, then it is not in a unit's ZOC. ZOCs do not extend into chateaux. ZOCs do not extend across river bridges.
All combat units exert a ZOC at all times regardless of the Phase or Player Turn, even if the hex is occupied by an enemy unit, or in the ZOC of an enemy unit (EZOC). Train Units do not have ZOCs.
If a Friendly Combat Unit is in an EZOC, the opposing units are equally and mutually affected by the other's ZOC. The presence of a Friendly unit in an EZOC does not negate the effect of the EZOC (see 7.22B).
4.1 Engagement
Entering an EZOC is termed "Engagement."
4.11
Combat Units may freely enter EZOCs but may not continue moving until (1) they Retreat Before or After Combat, (2) the enemy retreats or is eliminated, (3) they Disengage during a Night or Rain Turn, or (4) after a successful Repulse (see 10.0).
4.12
Leaders and Trains may not enter EZOCs voluntarily unless a Friendly Combat Unit also occupies the hex. Leaders may exit EZOCs freely.
4.2 Night Disengagement
Units must exit EZOCs during their Friendly Night Disengagement Phase, but may only move a maximum of two hexes upon disengaging, and cannot enter another EZOC at Night. If there is no such hex available the unit remains engaged. (This is not the same as Retreat After Combat, 11.4.)
4.3 ZOCs in the Combat Phase
4.31 Engaged Units Must Attack
During the Combat Phase every Phasing Combat Unit that is in an enemy ZOC must attack. Every enemy Combat Unit that is in a Phasing Combat Unit's ZOC must be attacked.
EXCEPTION: Attacking or Defending Cavalry or Vedettes may retreat before combat, as long as they are not in the ZOC of a cavalry unit with equal or greater Movement Allowance (see 16.2).
4.32 Retreat and Advance into ZOCs
Upon a Combat result of "Dr" (or "Dr2," etc.) Combat Units must retreat out of an enemy ZOC. However, they may never retreat into an EZOC (even if there is a Friendly unit occupying the hex). EXCEPTION: (See 4.4.) They are eliminated if no hex free of EZOCs is available for their retreat. Victorious Combat Units may advance into the vacated enemy hex even if that hex is in an EZOC, and may even advance from one EZOC to another.
4.33 Optional Rule: Discretionary Attack
If both players agree, Combat units adjacent to the enemy are not required to attack. However, if they do attack an enemy unit, then they (or other friendly forces) must attack every adjacent enemy unit. Units still may not move from one EZOC to another (see also 11.73 below).
4.4 Vedettes' ZOCs
Vedettes have flexible ZOCs through which enemy combat units may retreat. (See 10.0 and 13.0.) Combat Units may retreat into the ZOC of an enemy Vedette, but not in a retreat before combat.
EXAMPLE: Two French units surround the Prussian unit—the latter may retreat—only as a result of combat—through the ZOC of either French unit only if the French unit retreated past is a Vedette.
5.0 Leaders
Each Leader unit represents the named person as well as his accompanying staff and escort. Leaders perform five important functions:
A. They place Combat Units In Command (see 7.0) so that they may be moved as a formation and not individually. B. They Reorganize eliminated Combat Units (see 6.0) C. They facilitate the Advance After Combat of more than one victorious Combat Unit (see 11.46). D. They facilitate stacking (see 3.11) E. They enable uncovering hidden forces by units in range (see 1.51.4)
5.1 Types of Leaders
Leaders come in two distinct types: Commanders and Officers.
5.11 Commanders
Commanders stand at the top of the "chain of command." A Commander may Reorganize or place In Command any Officers and Combat Units that belong to his Army regardless of Formation. Each Commander has a Command Rating which is the number of Command Points he may execute in a given Command Phase. With each Command Point he can place In Command one Officer plus one Combat Unit.
EXAMPLE: A Commander with a Command Rating of 3 may place three Officers and three Combat Units In Command that turn.
5.12 Officers
Officers are the second link in the "chain of command." They are in charge of specific Formations. An Officer commands all Combat Units that share his Command Designation.
EXAMPLE: Mouton commands the VI Corps of the French Army. All Combat Units of the French Army that bear the VI Corps designation are part of Mouton's Formation, and may be placed "In Command" only by him, or by a Commander (Napoleon, Grouchy, or Ney. Grouchy's designation of "Cav" has no effect on play). No other Corps Officer may link these Combat Units to the chain of command.
5.13 Replacement Officers
The French, Prussian, and Anglo-Allied armies each have one Replacement Leader who will come into play if (and only if) a corps officer is captured. He can perform just like the officer he replaced for that officer's formation. When a Leader is captured his replacement automatically enters play at the beginning of the next friendly Command Segment (so he cannot facilitate reorganisation in this turn) stacked with any friendly Combat Unit of his Formation (if an Officer). If no part of his formation exists, he enters during the next movement phase as a reinforcement.
5.14 Napoleon
If Napoleon is stacked with an attacking or defending force or bombarding artillery, the odds column for the ensuing combat is shifted one column in his favor.
EXAMPLE: If Napoleon is part of a one-to-one attack, the odds are shifted to one and half-to-one. If Napoleon is defending and the odds are three to one, reduce it to two-to-one.
NOTE: Napoleon's early training was in the artillery and he paid special attention to the deployment of that arm.
5.15 Bülow, Hill, Orange, Zeiten and Uxbridge
These Commanders are also officers of their particular formations. Their corps are thus always In Command as long as the various units are within the command range of their leader. They may also put In Command one Combat Unit that does not belong to their corps. In the event any of these commanders are eliminated their replacement is not a Commander, but an officer. Thus, a replacement leader for Hill (II Corps) would need a command point from Wellington to place the II Corps In Command.
- Orange has a (2) for command rating, signifying that he can command his corps plus another officer and place two units not from either corps in command.
- Collaert commands the D/B cavalry—Trip, Ghigny, Merlen, and Gey. They can be commanded either by Orange or Collaert. (Collaert's counter should say "Cav" not "D/B.")
5.16 Reserve Corps
In addition to being the Anglo-Allied Army commander, Wellington is the Officer of the Reserve Corps. Wellington's Reserve Corps counts as one corps against his Command Rating, as for the other commanders.
5.17 Frederick
Frederick is the commander of the three Dutch-Belgian units of II Corps—Stedman, Anthing, and 1st artillery—as shown on the Reinforcement Track on the map. These units may remain under Frederick's command or if Command Radius allows they may be placed under Hill.
5.18 Marshal Ney's Impetuosity
Marshal Ney sometimes showed a lack of understanding which he compensated with a fiery personal bravery. When using the optional Cavalry Impetus and Control Rule (11.47), modify the die roll by +2 for all cavalry units commanded that turn by Marshal Ney.
5.2 Leader Escorts
When a Leader is not stacked with a friendly combat unit (and only then), a Leader is considered a Vedette with a Combat Strength of 1/2 and all abilities of Vedettes (see 13.0)—except as follows:
5.21 ZOCs
A Leader may move and retreat after combat from EZOC to EZOC if each hex is occupied by Friendly Combat Units.
5.22 Capture
A leader may be captured in a retreat after Combat or Repulse (see 11.42 and 5.32). If the enemy Player rolls a 6 the leader (and his escort) is captured and removed from play. On a 1–5 the leader may retreat with his stack. (See 5.13, Replacement Officers.)
If he is not captured, the leader must displace to the nearest friendly unit. If there is no friendly unit within the Leader's Movement Allowance, he may move to any hex within his MA (according to 8.0, Movement).
5.23 Capture May Occur After Ae or De Result
A Leader may be captured in a "De" (if defending) or "Ae" (if attacking) Combat Result, using the same procedure as defined in 5.22.
5.3 Advance and Retreat
Leaders stacked with friendly combat units can always engage and advance with their stack.
5.31 Leaders and Advance After Combat
Leaders along with all (undemoralized) units of their stack may advance one hex into a hex vacated by the enemy as a result of combat. EXCEPTION: Non-Horse Artillery units cannot advance after combat.
5.32 Leaders and Retreat After Combat
Before Leaders may accompany Combat Units they are stacked with in a retreat after Combat or Repulse, every Leader in the retreating stack is subject to a separate die-roll to determine capture.
6.0 Reorganization
Reorganization allows combat units that have been eliminated in combat to return to play. Officers perform Reorganization for the units of their Formation.
6.1 Eligibility for Reorganization
6.11 Permanently Eliminated Units
HISTORICAL NOTE: Units termed "Permanently Eliminated" would have been able to reorganize, it is true, but not within the time-span of this game.
Permanently Eliminated Units may not be Reorganized. The following Combat Units are ineligible for Reorganization, and are placed in the Permanently Eliminated Units box ["PEU box"] when lost in combat.
A. Already Reduced: A unit already at its Reduced Strength when it was eliminated. B. Surrounded: A unit eliminated in combat by an Ae, A1/2, De, D1/2, or Ex result while surrounded by any combination of enemy Combat Units, EZOCs, or River Hexsides. C. Unable to Retreat Fully: A unit unable to retreat the full distance specified in its "Retreat" Result is liable to be placed in the PEU box on a die roll of 4, 5 or 6 (see 11.44). Vedettes are also PEU if unable to retreat. D. No Reduced Strength: A unit with no reduced strength counter. EXCEPTION: Vedettes (see 6.3). E. Retreat Across Bridges: Each unit retreating across the same River bridge in the same Combat Phase risks elimination and must roll the die (see 11.43).
6.12 Combat Units Eligible for Reorganization
Eliminated Combat units that are eligible for Reorganization are placed directly in the Reorganization box [UAR box] on the Player Aid Card, in the Day Section (unrecovered section).
6.13 Recovery
At the beginning of each Friendly Reorganization Segment of the Night Turn, the Phasing Player flips over any Combat Units in the Day section to their Reduced side and places them into the Night section of the Reorganization box.
6.14 Leader Requirements
To reorganize, Leaders must be at least 4 hexes away from the nearest enemy Combat Unit, Vedettes included (3 intervening hexes without an enemy Combat Unit). An Officer does not have to be In Command in order to Reorganize Combat Units. Officers may only Reorganize Combat Units that belong to their Formation. A Commander may Reorganize Combat Units that belong to any Friendly Formation. Officers that reorganize may not be part of the Chain of Command for the remainder of that turn.
EXCEPTIONS: Reorganization of vedettes does not affect a Leader's command abilities; and there is no minimum distance to the enemy (see 6.3 and 13.13).
6.2 Reorganization Procedure
6.21 Reorganizing Undemoralized Units
An eligible Leader may automatically Reorganize up to two Combat Units per Friendly Reorganization Segment. The Phasing Player simply removes the Combat Units from the Night section (recovered section) of the UAR box and places their reduced strength counter beneath the Leader who Reorganized them. (For Demoralized units, see 12.23)
6.22 Reorganizing Leader's Hex
Reorganization can take place in any type of terrain. If placing reorganized Combat Units in the Leader's hex would violate the Stacking Limit, the Combat Units already there may be Displaced. EXCEPTION: See 12.23.
6.23 Out of Command Markers
Each Leader that attempted Reorganization this Segment (successful or not) is marked with an Out of Command marker. EXCEPTION: Reorganizing vedettes does not require an Out of Command Marker. Officers so marked may not be placed In Command during the immediately following Command Segment.
6.3 Reorganizing Vedettes
Unlike regular Combat Units, a reorganized Vedette may be returned to play at full strength.
6.31 Surrounded Vedettes
A vedette surrounded at the time of its elimination may not be reorganized and is placed immediately in the PEU box.
6.32 Elimination Results
A Vedette eliminated in combat goes immediately into the Night section (recovered section), unless surrounded when eliminated (and then it is PEU).
6.33 Who can Reorganize
Vedettes belong to specific Formations and must be Reorganized by that Formation's Officer (or by commanders). Vedettes that belong to a Formation without an Officer may only be Reorganized by a Commander.
7.0 Command
Each army has a "chain of command" that represents how orders are passed down through the various headquarters. The lowest link in the chain are the individual Combat Units: i.e.; the name appearing at the top of the unit being the divisional general who would also have a small staff of as many as a half a dozen officers of lesser rank. The second link in the "chain of Command" are the Formation Officers who are generally Corps commanders.
During each Command Segment, the Phasing Player determines which of his forces will operate within the chain of command and which will not. Being outside the chain of Command prevents them from making a Forced March in the following Movement Phase, and removes their option to advance after combat in the Friendly Combat Phase.
7.1 Command Sequence
During the Friendly Command Segment, the Phasing Player uses the following procedure to determine which of his Officers (and Forces) are In Command.
7.11 Command Point Allocation
Commanders possess a number of Command Points equal to their Command Rating. The Command Rating is the number of Officers and individual units the Commander may place In Command. The Phasing Player allocates these to Forces (Officers and individual units) within the Command Range of the Commander (see 7.2). Napoleon with a 3 rating, may place three officers plus three combat units in command. If a Command Point is allocated to place an Officer In Command, then all Combat Units of his Formation within his Command Range are automatically In Command.
7.12 Out of Command Markers
After all Command Points have been allocated, the Phasing Player places Out of Command (OOC) markers on top of each Officer (or stack) not In Command. If an entire corps is out of command, place the OOC marker on the corps officer.
7.13 Individual Unit Command
Each commander may use his Command Rating to place individual units In Command (see 7.11). In order to be placed In Command a unit must be within the Command Range of the Commander (see 7.2).
7.2 Command Range
An Officer or Combat Unit may only be placed In Command by a Commander within Command Range. Command Range varies depending on whether it is traced through roads or trails. Command Range is the same for Officers and Commanders.
Command Range is: A. 2 Hexes if neither hex (or only one) is road or trail. B. 3 Hexes if the first two or last two hexes are connected by roads or trails. C. 4 Hexes if traced exclusively through road or trail.
7.21 Road March Command Range
Units of a single formation in a Road March column can be a part of the "chain of command." A unit is considered In Command if it is: A. in Road March and B. within two hexes of another unit of its formation, on a connected road, that is itself already in command.
7.22 Command Range Restrictions
Command Range may not be traced through: A. a hex occupied by an enemy Combat Unit. B. an unbridged River hexside.
NOTE: Command range can be traced through EZOC. EZOCs do not block Command Range.
7.3 Out of Command
If an Officer or Combat Unit is Out of Command at the end of a Friendly Command and Reorganization Phase, it remains so until the next Friendly Command Segment, when all Out of Command markers are removed. An Officer or Combat Unit that is In Command at the end of the Friendly Command and Reorganization Phase is In Command until the next Friendly Command Segment.
7.31 Out of Command Effects on Movement
Officers and Combat Units that are Out of Command may not Force March (see 8.13). They may move up to their full Movement Allowance (8.12) and Engage normally.
7.32 Out of Command Effects on Combat
Combat Units that are Out of Command may not Advance after Combat. Combat Units do not have to be In Command in order to attack. (Any unit in an enemy ZOC at the start of the Combat Phase must attack. EXCEPTIONS: see 4.33 and 8.42B)
8.0 Movement
During the Movement Phase, the Phasing Player may move all, some, or none of his Units and Leaders up to their full Movement Allowance in any direction, subject to their Command status, Initiative, terrain restrictions, and the presence of Enemy units and EZOCs. A unit must be In Command to be able to move.
8.1 Initiative
At the start of the game each player takes a number of Initiative Chits as specified in the Scenario Instructions (21.0) and places the remainder into an "Initiative Chit Cup" (a coffee cup works well). Each turn a player draws one Initiative Chit from the cup. He must play that chit, which establishes the movement allowance of his army for that turn. (Leaders are unaffected by Initiative, and their movement is always their printed Movement Allowance.) At the end of the turn all chit(s) played (Forced March and regular) are return to the cup.
8.11 Draw One Chit
During the Initiative Segment, the Phasing Player draws one Initiative Chit to determine the pace of his army's movement.
8.12 Movement Allowance
The Movement Allowance of each unit in his army is determined by the value of the Initiative Chit a Player draws. For example, if he draws—
| Initiative Chit | Infantry | Cavalry |
|---|---|---|
| 4/6 | all infantry move 4 | all cavalry move 6 |
| 3/4 | all infantry move 3 | all cavalry move 4 |
| 2/3 | all infantry move 2 | all cavalry move 3 |
8.13 Forced March
The Player may play one extra chit if he has one in his hand, and add the result to determine the total Movement Allowance of all his units "In Command." This extra chit play is considered a Forced March. A Force March may not be played two turns in a row by the same player. (A player may still issue a march order (8.2) to reinforcements that enter on the turn on which "Forced March" may not be played.) Bridge Trains and Out of Command units may never Force March.
EXAMPLE: A player commences a scenario with 4 chits in his hand. On the first day he force marches morning and evening, and spends one more for a regular march in the afternoon, spending a total of five chits that day. He draws four chits that day, (one each turn, including Night), and so begins the second day with one less chit than he had at start (i.e., three instead of four). The Forced March chits are returned not to his hand but to the cup, where they are apt to become next turn's regular move chit.
8.14 Night Turns
During Night Turns, Initiative Chits are drawn but not played. Units in enemy ZOCs take an automatic DR. Leaders only may move (see "Night").
8.15 Chits At Start
(See the Scenario Instructions.)
8.16 Demoralization
Subtract one from the Movement Allowance of all Demoralized Officers and Combat Units.
8.2 March Orders
A March Order allows a Force to make a Forced March, regardless of the restrictions of Command. A Force (see Glossary) may receive a March Order if it is a Reinforcement, or if it is the one force selected under 8.22. A March Order persists from turn to turn until the first unit in the Force reaches its destination
8.21 Reinforcements
A Reinforcement Force may only be placed under a March Order on the turn of its map entry, though its arrival may be delayed indefinitely by the Player. The number of reinforcement units or reinforcement formations that may be placed under a march order on any given turn is limited only by the number of reinforcement forces arriving on that turn.
8.22 Any One Force
Any one on-map Force (see Glossary) within 24 MPs (traced like a Supply Line, see 14.1) of the on-map Army Commander (Blücher, Wellington or Napoleon), may be placed under a March Order during each Night Command Phase, and prior to the Start of Play (see 19.3), regardless of command (see the Sequence of Play, 2.2).
8.23 Specify Objective Hex
The Player must secretly specify the Objective Hex on an "Orders Slip" (use scratch paper) when the March Order is issued. This objective must be revealed to the Enemy Player at the end of the game. The objective may be any village, town, or Chateau on the map. For each Force under a March Order, the Player must write down the name of the Officer or the designation of the individual unit(s) in question. A force may be assigned only one objective at a time.
8.24 Movement of Forces under a March Order
The force must move in each subsequent turn, starting with the next morning turn, as quickly as possible, until it reaches its objective. The units under a March Order must take the shortest possible route (in terms of Movement Points) toward their Objective Hex. A Force may not enter an EZOC while under a March Order. If its path would bring it into an EZOC, the Force must stop outside the EZOC. A Force given the March Order must move at its total Movement Allowance (see 8.12) each turn. The Force is not required to use road march.
8.25 Forces Removed from March Orders
When the Force reaches its objective, the March Order is removed and is no longer in effect. For the remainder of that turn, the force is Demoralized (see 12.0). A Force is removed from the March Order at the end of any phase in which: A. an infantry unit in the force reaches its objective hex. B. any unit in the force moves adjacent to an EZOC. C. At the Player's option, if it is in command during the friendly Command Phase. D. If the force bumps into a friendly Road March column (see 8.42D).
NOTE: The march order ends with the turn that the first infantry unit reaches the destination hex (or enters an EZOC, etc.) All of the units of the Force (if a multi-unit Force) yet to move may move freely under March Orders for the remainder of the turn.
8.3 Movement Procedure
The Phasing Player may move units individually or as a stack (EXCEPTION: see Road March, 8.4). Whether moving individually or by stack, the move must be completed prior to moving the next individual unit or stack. Units may only move from hex to contiguous hex paying MPs for each hex along the way.
8.31 Terrain and Movement
Each hex costs a number of Movement Points. This number of Movement Points varies depending on the terrain in the hex and on the hexside crossed to enter the hex. A "Woods Hexside" is one completely covered by the woods pattern.
8.32 Movement Point Costs
The MP costs are deducted from the Movement Allowance of the unit as it moves from hex to hex. All Movement Point costs are cumulative. When the unit has insufficient Movement Points left to pay the cost of the next hex, that unit must cease moving (see 8.34).
EXAMPLE: Moving from one clear hex to another costs one Movement Point. If a stream hexside intervened between the hexes the stream hexside would add an additional one MP. An Infantry Combat Unit moving across a woods hexside pays one additional Movement Point. Crossing a hexside which is surrounded by woods on both sides of the stream costs an additional Movement Point for a total of four.
8.33 Cavalry Costs
Trains, Leaders, Cavalry and Vedettes pay the cavalry costs for all terrain types.
8.34 Movement Restrictions
A. A unit may never expend more Movement Points than its Movement Allowance in a single Movement Phase. EXCEPTION: If the cost of terrain in the hex and hexside exceeds the printed Movement Allowance of the unit, the unit may move one hex per turn. B. Unused Movement Points may not be saved up from turn to turn. When a unit ceases movement, all unused Movement Points are forfeit. Movement Points may not be given or loaned to other units that have not yet moved. C. Once the Phasing Player has removed his hand from the playing piece he is moving he may not return to moving that piece without the consent of his opponent. D. A maximum of three Combat Units may end a Movement Phase stacked in a single hex, unless a Leader is present (see 3.11). E. A Combat Unit must stop the moment it enters an EZOC. EXCEPTION: See 10.0, Repulse. F. A Unit cannot enter a hex occupied by an opposing combat unit (see 5.32). A Leader or train may enter an enemy ZOC only if the hex is also occupied by a Friendly Combat Unit. A Leader (but not a unit) may move from enemy ZOC to enemy ZOC if each of these hexes are occupied by Friendly Combat Units.
8.4 Road March
Europeans introduced the first paved post roads only during the half-century between the Seven Years War and the Napoleonic wars. The Grande Armée knew how to take advantage of the greater mobility they afforded. In order to benefit fully from the road, a unit would have to make a long narrow column: transport in the middle, infantrymen marching on the shoulder.
8.41 Road March Procedure
All units (including Trains) may use road march. As the Phasing Player begins to move a unit on the road, he declares that it will use the road advantage and is marked with a "Road March" marker. Such a unit is "In Road March" until declared otherwise.
NOTE: There is no cost to declare Road March, and no cost to rotate the directional arrow on the Marker.
The player may declare the unit in Road March at any point in the unit's movement, but does not pay Road March movement rates until it is declared. Each hex from Road to contiguous Road (not trail) costs one-half (1/2) Movement Point in Road March, and there is no extra cost for bridges (a cavalry unit with 6 Movement Points could move a maximum of 12 hexes along a road). A unit in Road March need not remain on road hexes, but is in Road March until the Road March marker is removed (see 8.43).
8.42 Restrictions
The restrictions (A-J below) apply to combat units and trains in Road March. (Vedettes and Leaders ignore Road March restrictions and are ignored by units in Road March.) A unit in Road March:
A. May not make a regular attack during the Combat Phase. B. Must attempt a repulse if it enters an EZOC (except against a Chateau). If the repulse is successful, it is no longer in the EZOC and therefore has no attack in the following Combat Phase. If unsuccessful, it removes the Road March Marker and attacks (see 10.22). C. May not stack or move as part of a stack. D. May not move through a hex containing other units in Road March. E. May not enter a hex connected by road to an adjacent Friendly unit which is in Road March. F. May end the Movement Phase adjacent to Friendly units which are not in Road March. G. May move through units that are not in Road March; however, the latter may not move through a unit in Road March. H. Is not penalized for being in Road March if attacked, but immediately removes its Road March marker. I. May leave the road and remain under a Road March Marker. J. Is In Command if within two hexes of another unit of its formation that is already In Command.
DESIGN VIEWPOINT: A unit in Road March is considered to be marching for five hours, and resting for one hour out of six. A unit in Road March must Repulse (in 'B' above), because only its avant garde (probably a reinforced light infantry regiment) would be able to attack from the march. However, should that repulse fail, the unit would begin to concentrate and change to a battle formation. It's unusual for an enemy attack to catch a unit in Road March because it would have time to pull back into linear formation.
8.43 Removing Road March Markers
It costs one Movement Point to remove a Road March marker from a Train or Combat Unit voluntarily during the Movement Phase (see 8.42B). Unaccompanied Leaders and vedettes do not need Road March Markers—they always pay road movement rates (see also 8.42.H and 10.22).
EXAMPLE: A Combat Unit with a Movement Allowance of 6 could move onto a road hex (1 MP), declare Road March and move two hexes along a road (1 MP), leave the road hex and move into a clear hex (1 MP), expend a Movement Point to remove the Road March marker (1 MP), and then move one more hex into an enemy ZOC (attacking the enemy Combat unit in the following Combat Phase).
8.44 Paying Trail Costs on Roads
A unit that is moving along a road (or trail) pays one Movement Point per hex if moving from trail or road to connected trail/road hexes, whether in Road March or not. A unit needn't be in Road March to obtain the Trail benefit.
8.5 Bridges
There is no special bridge symbol to denote bridges. Bridges are considered to exist wherever a Road or Trail crosses a River or Stream hexside. Bridges cannot be destroyed. The French Player also has a limited ability to build temporary Bridges (Pontoons).
8.51 Bridges and Movement
Units may only cross a River hexside by moving over a bridge. It costs an extra Movement Point (+1 MP) to cross a bridge. It costs two extra Movement Points (+2 MPs) to cross a Pontoon Bridge. EXCEPTION: Units in Road March, Leaders, and Vedettes never pay extra MPs to cross a Bridge. Train Units and Artillery must use Bridges to cross a River or Stream hexside (at no extra MP cost—but see 9.2).
8.52 River Bridges and Combat
Units may only attack across Rivers at Bridges. If all Combat Units are attacking across a River Bridge, the Combat Strength of the defending unit is doubled (see the TEC). Zones of Control do not extend across River Bridges. Units are never required to attack across River Bridges. NOTE: The above applies to Bridges only, not Stream Bridges (see also 16.12). There are no rules for damaging and repairing bridges.
9.0 Trains & Pontoon Bridges
The French Player may construct Pontoon Bridges.
9.1 Train Units
Pontoon Trains have the unique ability to build Bridges (see 9.2); Train Units have restrictions on their movement.
9.11 Movement
All trains have a Movement Allowance of 5 MPs. Train units pay cavalry costs for movement. They may use Road March like any other unit. During Mud Turns, their Movement Costs are doubled for all types of terrain. A Pontoon Train does not need to be In Command to move.
9.12 Force March
Bridge Trains may not Force March.
9.13 Restricted Terrain
Trains may not enter Slope hexes or cross streams except via roads and trails (see also 9.22).
9.14 Trains and EZOCs
Trains may not enter an enemy ZOC unless the hex is occupied by a Friendly Combat Unit or it accompanies a Friendly Combat Unit.
9.15 Combat Restrictions
Trains do not have a Combat Strength and cannot defend or attack.
9.16 Eliminated Trains
Trains that are removed from play are placed in the Permanently Eliminated Units box [PEU box]. They may not be reorganized.
9.17 Retreat of Pontoon Trains
Pontoon Trains must roll prior to retreating if the Combat Result calls for their retreat. On a 5 or 6, the Pontoon Train is abandoned and the owning player rolls again (see 9.18). Any other result and the Pontoon Train must retreat to the same hex that the accompanying Combat Unit retreated to.
9.18 Destruction of Pontoon Trains
A Pontoon Train or deployed bridge may be captured intact on a 1, 2 or 3, and is destroyed on a 4, 5 or 6. The owning Player must roll if it is in an enemy ZOC and not accompanied by a Friendly Combat Unit.
9.19 Formations
Pontoon Trains do not belong to a Formation.
9.2 Pontoon Bridges
Combat Units must pay 2 Movement Points additional (see also 8.51 and TEC) to cross a Pontoon Bridge, unless the units are using Road March, (or unless another bridge is on the same hexside). Pontoon Bridges may be deployed across Rivers or streams. A Pontoon Bridge can be built on a hexside containing an existing bridge. In this case the normal cost of +1 MP for the existing bridge no longer applies, nor would the +2 MP cost for crossing the Pontoon Bridge.
9.21 Deploying Pontoon Bridges
If the Pontoon Train is adjacent to a River or Stream hexside during the Friendly Movement Phase, the Phasing Player may deploy a Pontoon Bridge there by simply sliding the counter onto the hexside so that it is no longer in either hex. It costs no Movement Points to deploy a Pontoon Bridge; however, Pontoon Trains that have a "Road March" marker on them may not deploy a Pontoon Bridge.
9.22 Deployment Restrictions
If the hex into which the Pontoon Bridge is to extend is occupied by an enemy Combat Unit, the Pontoon Bridge may not be deployed. Pontoon Bridges may be deployed into an EZOC. For either end to be in a slope hex there must be a road or trail (see 9.13) in the hex.
9.23 Reconfiguring a Pontoon Train
A Pontoon Bridge may be reconfigured into a Pontoon Train during the Friendly Movement Phase simply by flipping the unit over to its Train side. The Pontoon Train can be reconfigured in either of the two hexes adjacent (you can reform a pontoon at one end if the other end is in an EZOC). Pontoon Trains must be reconfigured at the start of the Movement Phase. (Nothing may cross a Pontoon Bridge in the turn it is reconfigured into a Pontoon Train.) A Pontoon Train may move in the same turn that it is reconfigured but may not deploy into a Pontoon Bridge.
9.24 Turn of Deployment
If the Phasing Player wishes to cross Combat Units over a Pontoon Bridge in the same turn it is deployed he rolls a die immediately prior to the first unit's crossing (it must move up to the Bridge before rolling the die). The result indicates the number of Movement Points that it will cost any unit to cross the bridge this turn. Die roll of 1, 2 = 2 MPs; 3, 4 = 3 MPs; 5, 6 = 4 MPs. EXCEPTION: see 8.34 A. If on an existing bridge there is no extra cost (see 9.2) Modifier: If Napoleon is adjacent to the pontoon bridge subtract 2 from the die roll.
9.25 Combat Effects of Pontoon Bridges
Pontoon Bridges do not have a Combat Strength, Movement Allowance, or a ZOC. Once deployed they are fixed in position like all other bridges. (See 11.31E.)
9.26 Crossing an Enemy Pontoon Bridge
Leaders and Combat Units may freely Move, Advance After Combat, and Retreat across enemy Pontoon Bridges. A Pontoon Bridge may be reconfigured into a Pontoon Train by the enemy Player and may be captured or destroyed (see 9.18). The enemy can deploy a captured bridge if the Enemy player successfully captured it (see 9.18).
10.0 Repulse
During the Movement Phase (only) the Phasing Player may attempt to displace enemy units out of way of his units. This process is called Repulse. In order for a Repulse to succeed the units must have at least 5-1 odds.
NOTE: A Repulse is not Combat—it is part of Movement.
10.1 Repulse Procedure
Combat Units that start in (or enter) an enemy ZOC may Repulse the enemy unit projecting it. The Combat Units attempting Repulse must first expend the Movement Points to enter the contested hex.
10.11 Resolving a Repulse Attempt
The Phasing player reveals the identity of the Combat Units attempting Repulse as well as the enemy unit. The Repulse succeeds if the odds are five-to-one (5:1) or greater. Combat Strengths on both sides may be modified by Terrain (see Terrain Effects on Combat); other Combat modifiers do not apply.
10.12 Terrain Effects on Repulse
A. Combat Strengths on both sides may be modified by Terrain (see Terrain Effects on Combat); other Combat modifiers do not apply. The Repulsing stack pays the highest Movement Point cost of all the hexes occupied by the enemy units. B. A Repulse against a Chateau is not allowed. C. Retreating units may not enter or pass through River Hexsides (see 11.43)
10.2 Repulse Effects
10.21 Effects of a Successful Repulse
If the Repulse succeeds then the Repulsed enemy units immediately retreat two (2) hexes. The Repulsing stack must enter the vacated hex (it has already paid the Movement Point cost). If there is more than one vacated hex, the Repulsing Player chooses one. After a successful Repulse the units may continue moving to the limit of their Movement Allowance, and may even attempt subsequent Repulses. There is no limit to the number of times a Combat Unit could be Repulsed in a single turn.
10.22 Effects of a Failed Repulse
If the Repulse attempt is unsuccessful, the Repulsing stack immediately ceases movement. This unit must attack the unit it attempted to Repulse in the following Combat Phase. Other Friendly units may join this attack. This attack is conducted at two odds columns less than the actual odds. NO other column shifts apply. A given hex can only be the subject of one repulse attempt per phase.
NOTE: If in Road March the Repulsing stack immediately removes its Road March marker.
EXAMPLE: 14 Strength Points attacking 3 would normally resolve at (4:1); after a two column shift, the combat is resolved at (2:1).
10.23 Repulse of Vedettes
Vedettes are Repulsed as any other combat units (Leader Repulse, see 5.22).
11.0 Combat
All Combat between opposing units occurs during the Combat Phase. Only adjacent Combat Units may be attacked. The attacker conducts a series of Attacks in the order he desires. Attacks are resolved one at a time, and their results fully applied before proceeding with the next attack.
11.1 Combat Phase Sequence
A Combat Phase is resolved in a series of steps which must be played through in their exact order. Throughout the following sequence the Phasing Player is referred to as the Attacker, the non-Phasing Player is the Defender.
- Both the attacker and defender reveal their Hidden Forces in enemy ZOC.
- Designate which units are to attack which defending units.
- The defender may have any or all of his cavalry (including Vedettes) make a Retreat Before Combat at his option (see 13.22 and 16.2). If stacked with infantry they may not Retreat Before Combat.
- The attacker may have any or all of his cavalry (including Vedettes) make a Retreat Before Combat.
- The attacker conducts a series of Bombardments and Attacks. Each is resolved separately, and in the order the attacker desires. Attacks are resolved one at a time, and their results fully applied before proceeding with the next attack. This ends the Combat Phase. EXCEPTION: If a hex is to be bombarded and attacked, the bombardment must take place first.
- Adjust Casualty Level Markers to reflect results (see 12.1). After all attacks are resolved, all stacks that are not in EZOCs are once again hidden
NOTE: Bombardment is not an attack (but see 11.52).
11.2 Defining Combat
The Phasing Player must define all his attacks before resolving them.
Optional Rule: reveal only one combat at a time. This increases uncertainty and reduces attacker control over his forces, once they are engaged, to more historical levels.
11.21 All Engaged Units Must Attack
The attacker may define his attacks freely—provided all enemy units in his ZOCs are attacked, and all of his engaged Combat Units attack. All of the defending Combat Units in a stack must be attacked as a single combined combat strength. They may not be attacked separately. All attacking Combat Units in a single stack must attack as one combined Combat strength.
NOTE: Phasing Cavalry that retreats before combat does not count as attacking that unit.
11.22 Adjacent units not in ZOCs
Adjacent units that are not in a Zone of Control (because of a Chateau) may be attacked so long as there isn't a River hexside between the opposing units. However, all of the enemy units that exert a ZOC into the attacking unit's hex must be attacked in the same Combat Phase by this unit or some other unit.
11.23 Multi-Hex Defense
A defending stack may be attacked by up to six enemy stacks (one in each adjacent hex). However, a single stack may only be attacked once per Combat Phase. All attackers must combine their various attacks into one single attack strength if they are to attack the same enemy stack.
11.24 Multi-Hex Attack
Two or more defending hexes may be attacked as a single force if the Attacker is adjacent to all defenders. An attacking stack may attack up to six adjacent stacks (assuming it is surrounded). If an attacking stack is located in the ZOC of several enemy stacks, and no other Friendly stack is adjacent to the enemy stacks, it must attack all of the enemy stacks as one attack (and the defender may choose the one applicable terrain modifier that is most beneficial to him).
11.3 Resolving Combat
To resolve each attack the attacking Player divides the total Combat Strength of his Combat Units by the total Combat Strength of the defending stack. This is expressed as an odds ratio.
EXAMPLE: 14 Attacking Strength Points divided by 6 defending Strength Points reduces to two and one-third to one (2 1/3 to 1). The remaining fraction is rounded off in the favor of the defender, to two-to-one (2:1). 15 SPs attacking 10 would be resolved at 1.5-to-1 odds.
Having calculated the combat odds ratio, the attacking player locates the appropriate column on the Combat Results Table and rolls the die. Cross referencing the die roll with the odds column gives the Combat Result, which is applied immediately (before another combat may be resolved).
NOTE. The combat odds column may be modified by terrain and other factors (see 10.22, 16.0) or by Napoleon (see 5.14).
11.31 Terrain Effects on Combat
The terrain in the defending force's hex, or the hexside separating the defending force from the attacker, may affect their respective Combat Strengths.
A. Towns: Defending Combat Units have their Combat Strengths increased by 50%. B. Slopes, Streams & Stream Bridges: If all of the attacking stacks are attacking across Streams, and/or uphill across Slope hexsides, the defending force has its combat strength increased by 50%. A defender only gets the slope benefit if defending in a hilltop and attacked from the slope hex (The Hilltop hex is adjacent to a slope hexside, opposite the Slope hex.) C. Chateaux: (see 11.6 A) D. Woods Hexsides: Cavalry attacking or defending across a woods hexside has its combat value halved. An artillery unit may not bombard through a Woods hexside (11.51G). E. River Bridges: If all Combat Units are attacking across a bridged river hexside, the defender is doubled.
NOTE: Combat modifiers for one side are not cumulative. In other words, a Combat Unit defending in a town, and being attacked from across a stream is not doubled and then increased by half. Always use the one best modifier available to the defender.
EXAMPLE: Cavalry attacking across a Woods Hexside into a town occupied by the enemy is halved while the defender (in the town) is increased by 50%.
11.32 Odds Determination
At odds less than 1 to 5 add one to the die roll for each ratio less than 1 to 5. At odds greater than 6 to 1 subtract one from the die roll for each ratio greater than 6 to 1. No die roll result, however, can be greater than 6 or less than one.
11.4 Applying Combat Results
Combat Results are applied as follows:
Ae (De): All attacking (defending) Combat Units are eliminated.
A1/2 (D1/2): At least 1/2 of the attacking (defending) Combat Strength Points are eliminated (owning player's choice of units). The other half remain engaged, which means they remain in EZOCs at the end of turn.
Ex (Exchange): All Combat units on the weaker side are eliminated; the stronger side eliminates units which total at least 50% of the Combat Strength of the weaker side. EXCEPTION: If one side (not both) is an all-vedette force, the other side loses nothing. If both sides are exactly equal in strength points then both sides lose at least 50% of their Combat Strength. Compare (unmodified) face-value SPs of all units.
Ar (Ar2, 3, 4): All attacking Combat Units must retreat 1 (2, 3, or 4) hexes.
Dr (Dr2, 3, 4): All Defending Units must retreat 1 (2, 3, or 4) hexes.
EXAMPLE: Ex (Exchange). The weaker side has 11SPs and the other side has four units, with 2, 3, 8, and 10 SPs. Half of 11 is 5.5 and he must lose more, so he removes the '8.' If the weaker side had 16 SPs instead, the other force would still lose the 8.
HISTORICAL NOTE: Napoleonic battles often swung back and forth—one side then the other gaining a temporary advantage. After six hours of this constant swing both sides are bloodied to very little effect. That is why there are so many Exchange results. In play with Hidden Forces—which is recommended once the basics are mastered—both sides can make the Exchange work to their advantage. Large units need small units to protect their flanks. In general deploy small and large forces side by side, and use your Vedettes to prevent surprises. The changes to the Combat Results Table (new with the 2nd edition), are designed to remove some imbalance in Exchange losses.
When a unit is eliminated, that means it has lost its cohesion and is disordered. In Napoleonic battles, a disordered unit has no combat value. This usually means the unit has sustained 30% to 40% casualties. If the unit's formation is disordered it loses its capacity to attack and defend. Units relied for their effectiveness upon hundreds of muskets firing in the same direction, or the physical presence of a line of men to receive a charge.
11.41 Reorganization Eligibility
If a full-strength Combat Unit is eliminated the owning Player must determine if it could have retreated 1 hex. If able to retreat (even though the result does not specify a retreat), it is placed in the Day Half Section of the UAR box (unrecovered section). If not, the unit will be placed in the PEU box (see 11.44). Combat Units that are already at their reduced strength, or do not have a reduced strength counter, are automatically placed in the Permanently Eliminated Units box. EXCEPTION. Eliminated Vedettes (see 13.13).
11.42 Retreat After Combat
On a Result of "Retreat," the owning Player must move his units 1 or more hexes (as specified by the result) from the hex they occupied at the moment of combat. A retreating Combat Unit may not cross a prohibited hexside, enter an enemy ZOC, enter hexes occupied by enemy Combat Units, or exceed stacking limits. A leader or train unit that is stacked with Combat Units that are forced to retreat must roll for capture.
EXCEPTION: Combat Units may retreat into the ZOCs of an enemy Vedette, or even into a hex currently occupied by an enemy Vedette if no other path of retreat is available (the enemy Vedette is Displaced; see 11.45).
11.43 Retreat Across Bridges
If units or stacks must retreat across a River Bridge (or pontoon), each unit retreating across the same River bridge in the same Combat Phase risks elimination and must roll the die: the first unit to cross is permanently eliminated on a 6; the second is eliminated on a roll of 5 or 6, etc. The owning player chooses the order of retreat. Such units are not eligible for reorganization (place in PEU box).
11.44 Units Unable to Retreat
Units which are forced to retreat off the map are eliminated and placed in the Day section (unrecovered section) of the UAR box. If a Combat Unit cannot retreat the specified number of hexes because of a prohibited hexside, EZOC and/or enemy Combat Units, it is eliminated and is liable to be placed in the PEU box whether it was at its reduced strength or not. Roll one die. On a roll of 1, 2 or 3 place the unit in the Day Half section of the UAR Box. It will enter the PEU box on a result of 4, 5 or 6.
Modifiers: For each odds column below 1:1 in the combat which caused the unit's elimination, add one to the die roll above. If the unit was defending, add one to the die roll for each odds column above 1:1.
EXAMPLE: A unit attacking at 1:1.5 (or defending at 1.5:1) will add one when determining whether to enter the PEU.
11.45 Displacement
If the only path available to a retreating force would cause it to exceed the stacking limits for the hex, then one or more Combat Units in the hex must be displaced to make room for it. Displaced Combat Units retreat one hex, observing all restrictions governing retreat after combat. However, if the Combat Units to be Displaced cannot themselves retreat, the originally retreated force is eliminated instead (see 11.44).
NOTE: A force that is displaced may displace other Combat Units if no other path of retreat is available. Displaced units may not enter Enemy ZOCs.
Enemy Vedettes may be Displaced if no other legal path of retreat is available to the retreating force, and if the Vedettes are not accompanied by other Combat Units.
11.46 Advance After Combat
Whenever an enemy stack is eliminated or forced to retreat after combat, one or more friendly units that participated in the combat—whether as attacker or defender—may advance and occupy the vacated hex.
A. One (1) Infantry Unit plus all cavalry in a given stack may advance if no leader is present (or the Leader doesn't advance). B. All Combat Units may advance if a Leader is in the stack and advances along with them.
EXCEPTIONS: No Demoralized or Out of Command units, or regular (non-Horse) Artillery, may advance after Combat.
If the enemy force occupied two or more hexes before retreating, the attacking units may advance into only one of the vacated hexes. Combat Units may choose not to advance. The option to advance must be exercised immediately. A unit may never be attacked, or attack again, after it has Advanced After Combat (even if it advances into an EZOC that has yet to have its Combat resolved).
NOTE: If a Bombardment result causes the enemy to vacate the hex, a friendly non-Artillery force which was designated for a regular subsequent attack against this hex may be switched to attack any other adjacent hex, —or—it may advance into the hex vacated by the Bombardment, if it was designated to attack that hex.
11.47 Optional Cavalry Impetus and Control
In any Advance After Combat, where cavalry is included in the advancing force (not demoralized), and there is no leader in the stack, roll the die. On a roll of "1" or "2," no advance of any kind may take place by any unit type. On a roll of "3" or "4," the Player maintains control and may advance any unit type, or not advance, freely. On a "5" or "6," all cavalry must advance after combat.
11.48 French Guard and the Ex Result
Attacking and Defending French Guard Infantry never suffer an Exchange result. If all parts of an attacking or defending force are exclusively French Old Guard Infantry (not YG) then the combat result is automatically changed to a Dr if the Guard is attacking, or an Ar if the Guard is defending. If the attacking or defending force contains Combat Units that are both Guard Infantry (either OG or YG) and other Combat Units of the French Army, then the Ex result only applies to the non-Guard-Infantry portion of the force (that portion of the force that is not Guard Infantry is removed to satisfy the result, any further losses required to satisfy the result are ignored).
NOTE: When then Old Guard attack Chateaux, "De" results do NOT convert to Exchanges.
11.5 Artillery Bombardment
Artillery Combat Units perform a special kind of attack called Bombardment. Artillery may only perform Bombardment upon enemy Combat Units in an adjacent hex.
11.51 Bombardment Procedure
The following procedure is used to resolve bombardment attacks.
A. Artillery may Bombard or it may Attack in a given combat round. It may not do both. B. Any number of artillery units may bombard a single hex as long as all artillery units are adjacent to the target hex. C. If stacked with a friendly infantry or cavalry combat unit the artillery unit may bombard a hex different from the one the other units attack. Artillery stacked together that bombard, however, must bombard the same hex. D. An Artillery unit may not bombard several enemy occupied hexes. It may not split its strength. E. All enemy units in a hex that are bombarded are bombarded as one target. All bombardment of a hex must occur as one bombardment attack (a hex may not be subject to bombardment more than once in a combat phase). F. Enemy Combat Units on the far side of a river hexside may be bombarded, whether that hexside is bridged or not. G. An artillery unit may not bombard through a Woods hexside. H. Horse and Foot artillery must be from the same corps in order to combine their fire together in a single bombardment attack. EXCEPTION: The French may select one target hex to receive the combined fire of foot and horse artillery units from different corps. This is considered a "Grand Battery." The French player may have only one Grand Battery on any given turn.
11.52 Diversionary Attacks
A Bombardment satisfies the obligation that all units in an enemy ZOC must attack, or be attacked. Such bombardments are called Diversionary Attacks.
NOTE: These bombardments may save the Phasing Player from the risk of attacking at very low odds, in that Bombardment attacks do not incur any type of loss to the bombarding unit regardless of the combat result.
11.53 Combining Bombardment and Attack
An enemy force may be the subject of a bombardment and an attack during the same combat phase. Bombardments, however, must be resolved and their results applied prior to the force being attacked (see also Combined Arms 16.1).
11.54 Resolving Bombardments
A. A Bombardment is resolved by computing the combat odds ratio just as it would be in the case of a regular attack (a SP vs. SP comparison). However, Bombarding Artillery are never effected by a combat result. Thus, Bombarding Artillery are never subject to the effects Ae, A1/2, Ar or Ex result. B. If the target hex contains fewer than 10 SPs, shift one column to the left; if more than 18 SPs shift one to the right; if something in between, no shift.
11.55 Horse Artillery Options
Bombarding Horse Artillery only, have the option to advance as a result of successful bombardment, or retreat as the result of an Ae, A1/2, Ar or Ex. This option to advance or retreat must be exercised immediately after the target units of the bombardment have applied the effects of the bombardment (a target unit may never advance as the result of an unsuccessful bombardment). Horse artillery can advance after regular combat, if it has participated in battle and there is a leader present in the hex.
11.56 Artillery in Combat
Artillery that have not attacked or bombarded, but are stacked with infantry or cavalry that have been forced to retreat, or eliminated as a result of combat, must conform to the result suffered by those other units stacked with them. If the units they are stacked with suffer an A1/2 or Ex result they may be used to satisfy the required losses.
11.57 Mud
During Mud Game-Turns, artillery units may not attack or bombard. Phasing Artillery units must disengage as per "Night Disengagement." Non-Phasing Artillery units defend at normal strength during Mud.
11.58 Optional Terrain Effect (Bombardment only)
If a bombarding artillery unit fires at a target hex across a stream or river hexside, the combat strength of the bombarding artillery is increased by 50%. EXCEPTION: If the hexside on the opposite side of the target hex—180° away from the bombarding artillery—is also a river or stream, there is no increase.
NOTE: In normal combat, the stream barrier is of benefit to defending troops. However, when bombarded by artillery, which stands farther back from the stream or river, visibility of ranged fire is enhanced by the downward slope of the land toward the stream or river hexside. The exception shows a reverse-slope effect.
11.59 Optional Bombardment Resolution
You may use this rule instead of the method given in 11.54. Each type of terrain has a Defense Strength which is used in place of the Combat Strength of the unit being bombarded to determine the combat odds. The Artillery Bombardment Defense Value (ABDV) for each type of terrain is as follows:
A. Clear Terrain—4 B. Town—6 C. Slope—8 D. Chateaux—bombardment prohibited
Procedure: The value of the firing artillery is compared to the ABDV and a Combat Odds ratio determined, rounded down in favor of the defender, to one of the odds ratios on the Combat Results Table. If the target hex contains fewer than 10 SPs, shift one column to the left; if more than 18 SPs shift one to the right; if something in between, no shift. The die is rolled and the combat result applied as always (the Artillery ignore adverse results—Bombarding Artillery are never subject to the effects Ae, Ar, A1/2, or Ex).
11.6 Chateaux
Chateaux can be any large, walled farm; a walled or fortified village; a manor house or true castle.
11.61 Stacking
There are no special stacking restrictions regarding theses hexes. The defensive benefits apply to only one unit of infantry (other units in the hex are regarded as standing outside the walls of the chateau and hence do not benefit). If more than one infantry unit occupies a Chateau hex, or if artillery or cavalry, the defensive benefit given to these units is that of the other terrain besides the Chateau. These outside units must be attacked and removed from the hex before the Chateau may be attacked (even in the same Combat Phase).
11.62 ZOCs and Chateaux Hexes
A single infantry unit may ignore the ZOCs of enemy units that project into the chateau hex it occupies. It is not forced to attack these units. If, however, it chooses to attack out of the chateau hex, then all of the enemy units that exert a ZOC into the chateau hex must be attacked (by this unit or some other as per the rules governing Zones of Control and Combat). Contrarily, Chateau hexes occupied by a single infantry unit do exert a ZOC at all times.
11.63 Chateaux and Combat
When a single infantry unit in a Chateau hex is attacked:
A. Regardless of the number of attacking SPs involved, the combat odds may not be higher than 2 to 1. B. All Dr (and Dr2, etc.) results are ignored, unless the defender wishes to accept them. C. D1/2 results are treated as Ex results. D. The attacker may not receive a Combined Arms odds shift, but may receive one for Napoleon (5.14). E. An Infantry unit inside a Chateau may not be attacked by artillery, either by bombardment or by regular combat.
11.7 Optional Élan
Generally, a given unit could make only one attack per day, depending upon the resistance encountered. Some elite units were able to attack more than once.
Determine the Combat odds, roll the die on the 'Elan' table, and if one or more attacking units fall below the result, then all the attacking units retreat (even the units good enough to attack). This applies only to attacking units.
11.71 Engaging
For each and every Enemy hex to be attacked make an Élan die roll check.
NOTE: Units which are already in enemy ZOCs do not have to make an Élan check, or be included in an Élan check.
11.72 Determine the Combat Odds
You may include any or all friendly units adjacent to the same defending hex, observing the requirement that all engaged units attack (see 11.21). Any adjacent units counted in the odds determination must actually participate in the ensuing attack. All units which engage a given Enemy unit do so under one and the same Élan die roll.
NOTE: You may elect to include any adjacent units in the Élan check (even ones that were already in ZOC), so long as all units included participate in the attack.
11.73 Roll the die
Roll the die on the Élan Table applying modifiers as applicable and cross-reference using the Combat Odds column just determined. The result tells the minimum Unit Quality Rating the Force may contain to go ahead with the attack. If the Force fails its Élan check it is Exhausted and may not attack—it must return to the hex from which it entered the enemy ZOC.
EXAMPLE: At 5-1, a unit Rated 2 will retain Élan on a roll of 3, 4, 5 or 6.
NOTE: When a stack fails the elan roll it must disengage back to the hex it came from; if this retreat creates an overstack, apply the regular displacement rules as if those units had retreated after combat. If you have two attacks by units A and B (where A is in the ZOC of B's defender) and B fails its elan check, the rule requiring an attack is not satisfied with the attempted attack.
11.73 Optional Exhausted Effect
(Use with optional 4.33 above.) Roll the die on the Élan Table applying modifiers as applicable and cross-reference using the Combat Odds column just determined. The result tells the minimum Unit Quality Rating the Force may contain to go ahead with the attack. If the Force fails its Élan check it is Exhausted and may not attack but remains adjacent to the enemy. (NOTE: The enemy is not required to attack in its turn.)
11.74 Mixed Forces
An attack may contain units with different Unit Quality Ratings. Use only the lowest-rated friendly unit in that attack. When determining the Combat Odds (11.72), the owning player has the choice whether to include or disregard any of the units which are expected to join the combat, thus increasing his Quality while possibly reducing the odds on the Élan Table.
11.75 Duration of Effect
Exhaustion does not last beyond the moment. On following turns a previously-Exhausted unit may again attempt to enter Enemy ZOCs without prejudice.
11.76 Élan Die Roll Modifiers
Add or subtract the appropriate modifier(s) if a Force ...
- uses any amount of Forced March MPs to engage, -1.
- is attacking units of the Anglo-Allied Army: -1 (see 1.32)
- has any Friendly Leader present in the hex with it, +1.
- includes Cavalry only in determining odds, +1.
- attacks during Afternoon, +1.
- attacks during Morning, +2.
NOTE: The French troops had learned to be cautions in attacking Wellington's forces from their experiences fighting in Spain. Anglo-Allied forces were assumed to be concealed behind every crest or in the high crops which covered the rolling plain in summer.
12.0 Demoralization
Units become demoralized either of two ways—if their formation reaches its Demoralization Level due to Combat losses (12.11), or if the unit is out of supply (14.0). Demoralized units may not Advance After Combat; they may end up in the PEU box as they attempt to Reorganize.
12.1 Demoralization Levels
Each player has a Casualty Track which he uses to record Friendly losses. The Scenario Information (21.0) and/or the March Tables will indicate which units (if any) have been lost prior to the start date. When the first Friendly Combat Unit of a Formation is eliminated, this unit becomes the "Casualty Level Marker" for its Formation. Individual units which have been eliminated prior to the start date must be placed on the Casualty Track to record the strength already lost. As further units are eliminated, the Owning Player adjusts this marker to reflect strength points lost by moving it a number of spaces on the track equal to the unit's full Combat Strength.
NOTE: Vedettes, train, Independent Units (see 17.1) and Leaders do not count toward Demoralization.
12.11 Becoming Demoralized
A Formation becomes Demoralized at the instant its Casualty Level marker reaches or exceeds its Demoralization Level (where its Command Designation is printed on the Casualty Track). Place a "Demoralized" marker on the Officer commanding the formation.
EXAMPLE: The French VI Corps Demoralization Level is 8. When the Casualty Level marker reaches or passes the "VI," the VI Corps becomes Demoralized.
12.12 Rallying From Demoralization
When an eliminated Combat Unit is Reorganized, that Formation's Casualty Level marker is reduced by an amount equal to the unit's full (not reduced) Combat Strength. The moment the casualty Marker for that Formation moves below its Demoralization Level, the Formation is rallied from Demoralization and the Demoralized Marker is removed.
12.13 Demoralization of Individual Combat Units
Combat Units can also become Demoralized if out of supply (see 14.0). However, in this case the out-of-supply Combat Unit receives the Out of Supply Marker, and the unit rallies from Demoralization during the next Supply Phase in which its Supply Line is reestablished.
12.14 Anglo-Allied Nationalities
For Demoralization purposes only, the following nationalities are treated as "formations." Their casualties are tracked separately: KGL, Nassau, Brunswick, Hanoverian, and Dutch/Belgian. The British Morale is tracked normally by corps.
12.15 French Imperial Guard
This formation does not become demoralized. However, the loss of key units of this formation will have a morale trigger effect on nearby formations (see 16.31).
12.2 Demoralization Effects
12.21 Initiative
Subtract one from the current Movement Allowance of all Demoralized Officers and Combat Units. There is no effect on Commanders.
12.22 Road March
Demoralized Leaders and Combat Units may Road March normally. They may be given March Orders.
12.23 Combat
Demoralized Combat Units may not Advance after Combat. Demoralized cavalry may not charge.
12.24 Reorganization Procedure
Reorganization of a Combat Unit that belongs to a Demoralized Formation does not automatically succeed (per 6.21). Instead, the Phasing Player must roll a die for each Combat Unit of that Formation he attempts to Reorganize. If this die-roll is a "5" or "6" the reorganization attempt fails and the unit is permanently eliminated and placed in the PEU box.
12.3 Demoralization and Supply
Combat Units that are Out of Supply suffer the effects of Demoralization (see 14.0). The out-of-supply Combat unit(s) receive an Out of Supply Marker, and rally from Demoralization during the next Recovery Segment in which their Supply Line is Reëstablished.
12.31 Units Already Out of Supply
There is no additional effect on out-of-supply units that become demoralized (or vice-versa).
13.0 Vedettes
Indicated Cavalry units have the ability to generate a number of Vedette units (each Vedette is roughly a regiment in size—between 250 and 500 men). These fast-moving patrols were used to screen an army against enemy reconnaissance, to perform reconnaissance themselves, and to protect the flanks of the larger units. Vedettes function exactly like other cavalry units except as explained below. Leaders alone in a hex are treated as Vedettes (see 5.2).
13.1 Vedette Breakdown and Reassembly
Each unit with vedettes has a number of small stars printed on its counter, to indicate the number of Vedette units provided for that unit.
EXAMPLE: Desnöettes's light cavalry brigade of the French Guard Corps has two stars printed on the counter. There are also two Vedette units in the French unit mix with "Desnöettes" printed on them, corresponding to the two regiments in that division, the Guard Lancers and the Guard Chasseurs. NOTE: These two particular Vedettes unlike all others in the game have a thousand men apiece.
A cavalry unit may break-down into as many Vedette units as are provided, indicated by the number of stars on the counter.
13.11 Creating Vedettes
Prior to moving, any cavalry unit may break-down into its corresponding Vedette units. It may only do this during its own Movement Phase. The Phasing Player simply removes the unit from the map and replaces it with the Vedettes. Vedettes may move in the same turn in which they are deployed.
13.12 Reassembling the Unit
The cavalry unit may return to the map. To Reassemble the unit, all of the Vedettes from that unit still on the map must end their movement phase in the same hex, and they must arrive with one MP remaining to expend as the cost of Reassembling. Then, simply remove the Vedette units and replace them with the parent unit. All the remaining Vedettes belonging to the parent unit must be present in order for Reassembly to occur. NOTE: Vedettes may not reassemble in an enemy ZOC (see 6.3).
Vedettes can't break-down and reform in the same turn.
13.13 Vedettes and Reorganization
Vedettes that are eliminated as a result of combat are placed immediately in the Night Section (recovered section) unless they were surrounded by enemy units and/or EZOCs and River Hexsides at the moment of combat. In this case they are placed in the PEU Box (see 6.3). Reorganized (reduced-strength) parent units may not put their Vedettes into play for the remainder of the game.
13.14 Vedettes and Stacking
Vedettes do not count against the stacking limit. However, no more than 3 vedettes may occupy the same hex at any one time.
13.15 Vedettes and Supply
Supply Lines may not be traced through hexes containing enemy Vedettes, but may be traced through any EZOCs.
13.16 Vedettes and Movement
Vedettes, with their Movement Allowance of 9, move like Leaders, regardless of chit. Vedettes ignore road march restrictions and are ignored by other units in road march.
13.2 Vedettes in Combat
Vedettes that suffer an adverse combat result are automatically eliminated (not retreated). Vedettes are placed immediately in the Night section of the UAR unless they were surrounded by units and/or ZOCs and River Hexsides at the moment of combat. In this case they are permanently eliminated.
13.21 Vedettes and Retreat
Vedettes's ZOCs do not block enemy retreats. Enemy Combat Units may retreat into the ZOC of a Friendly Vedette. EXCEPTION: (see 4.4). Vedettes may be displaced (see 11.45).
13.22 Retreat Before Combat
Vedettes may voluntarily Retreat Before Combat. (Cavalry can also retreat before combat—see 16.2.) After an attack has been declared and the Hidden Forces of both sides have been revealed, some or all of the Vedettes, on both sides, may retreat up to two (2) hexes prior to the odds calculation. The defending player executes this retreat before the attacking player. Vedettes may not retreat if they are stacked with Friendly infantry units. Vedettes stacked with Friendly cavalry may retreat before combat if the cavalry also retreat. Attacking units may not advance into the hex vacated by Vedettes that retreat before combat.
13.23 Vedettes and Combined Arms
Vedettes do count as cavalry for Combined Arms (see 16.1) if the combined strength of the Vedettes is at least one SP after all modifications.
13.24 Vedettes and Exchange
In any Exchange result involving an all-vedette force, all the vedettes are eliminated and the stronger side is not affected (no units are lost by the stronger side). EXCEPTION: This does not apply if both sides comprise only vedettes.
14.0 Supply (Campaign Scenario)
The Phasing Player must determine the supply status of each Friendly Combat Unit during the Supply Segment of each Friendly Night Player Turn. Out-of-supply units are marked "Out of Supply" and suffer the effects of Demoralization (12.0). When a unit is judged to be out of supply in a night turn it stays out of supply until the next night turn. The marker is removed at the next Supply Phase if its Supply Line is reestablished. If already Demoralized, there is no further effect for being out of supply (see 12.13).
14.1 Tracing Supply Lines
A Combat Unit is in supply if it can trace a Supply Line to a Friendly Supply Source. The line leads from each individual unit to a road hex. This part of the line may be no more than 9 hexes (not counting the unit's hex). An uninterrupted line of connected road and/or track hexes of any length must continue the line to a Friendly Supply Source. If either part of the line is blocked, the unit in question is out of supply.
14.11 Passable Terrain
The Supply Line may traverse any type of passable terrain. Each counts as one hex.
14.12 Impassible Terrain
Supply Lines may not run across Pontoon Bridges nor through unbridged River or Stream Hexsides nor through a hex occupied by an enemy Combat Unit or Vedette. Supply Lines are blocked by the physical presence of enemy units. EZOCs do not block Supply Lines.
14.2 Supply Sources
Each Side has Supply Source hexes which are the same as the Reinforcement entry hexes of a given army.
14.21 Nationality
Units may trace supply to any reinforcement entry hex of their army (Prussians must trace to Prussian entry hexes, Anglo-Allied units to Anglo-Allied entry hexes, French to French).
14.22 Use Only
Only those Supply Sources at which one or more Friendly force has entered play may be used by the Friendly Player.
15.0 Reinforcements
Both sides receive reinforcement Leaders and Combat Units through the course of play. Reinforcements enter play on the turn and hex specified on the Reinforcement Track and on the March Tables. Reinforcements always enter during the Friendly Command Movement Segment of the indicated Game-Turn (unless delayed, see 15.22).
15.1 How Reinforcements Enter the Map
Reinforcements may move (In Command) and attack freely on their turn of entry. In addition, Reinforcements may be placed under a "March Order" on the turn of entry at the Player's discretion (see 8.21). If entering forces have a commander to put those forces under command, they are consider to be in command.
15.11 Stacking
When more than one Combat Unit is scheduled to arrive at the same entry hex in the same turn, they may arrive stacked as long as they do not violate the stacking limit.
15.12 Additional Stacks
Each subsequent stack to enter at the same hex that turn pays one more Movement Point.
EXAMPLE: The second stack to enter will pay one extra Movement Point; the third stack enters at two additional Movement Points.
15.13 Road March
Reinforcements may enter the map using Road March (unstacked). In this case the first unit pays only the road value of the first hex, and each subsequent unit to enter pays one additional MP.
15.14 Entry Hexes
These are specified on the Reinforcement Tracks on the map edge. For example, "Hex B" means that the first hex entered might be either 3522, 3622, or 3722.
15.2 Changing Reinforcement Entry
15.21 Blocked Entry Hexes
If the entry hex is occupied by an enemy combat unit, or EZOC (except Vedette ZOC), the Reinforcement may instead enter along that map-edge in the nearest hex to the entry hex clear of enemy units and EZOCs.
15.22 Delayed Entry
Players may delay the entry of Reinforcements indefinitely. However, no other scheduled Reinforcement may enter at this entry hex until the delayed Reinforcements have been brought onto the map (the follow-on reinforcements may enter in the same or subsequent turns). No one portion of a Reinforcement force may be delayed. Either all the units scheduled to arrive at that hex are brought onto the map, or none.
15.3 Switched Entry Hexes
A Player may bring any reinforcements on at the adjacent entry area on the same mapedge by delaying the reinforcements for one turn. The adjacent entry area must have a consecutive letter of the alphabet. EXAMPLE: Reinforcements may switch from A to B, D to E, F to G, H to I, or vice versa. Switched Reinforcements must enter behind any regularly scheduled reinforcements for that entry area.
16.0 Special Unit Abilities
16.1 Combined Arms
If an attacking force includes infantry, artillery and at least one SP of cavalry, or had Bombarded the hex immediately prior to the attack (see 11.5), the combat odds for the attack are shifted one column to the right before the dice are rolled (a 1 to 1 attack becomes a 1.5 to 1).
NOTE: The cavalry in this attack must have a strength of at least one after all modifications.
EXCEPTION: If the defending hex also contains infantry and cavalry the Combined Arms is negated.
NOTE: There is never an odds shift because of defender's Combined Arms.
16.11 Woods Hexside
Combined Arms attacks are not possible when the cavalry portion of the attack goes through a woods hexside.
16.12 Chateaux
Combined Arms attacks are not possible against Chateaux.
16.13 Bridge
Combined Arms Attacks are not possible through River Bridges. Combined Arms are permitted across Stream Bridges.
16.2 Cavalry Retreat Before Combat
Attacking or Defending Cavalry and Vedettes (plus any accompanying leaders and horse artillery stacked with cavalry) may elect to retreat one or two hexes out of an EZOC prior to combat, as long as they are not in the EZOC of a unit with equal or greater Movement Allowance. During this retreat units may not enter an EZOC. Horse artillery may retreat before combat along with cavalry if it is stacked with cavalry. (EXCEPTION: Vedette EZOCs.)
The enemy units may not advance into the hex vacated by cavalry retreating before combat. A unit can take only one retreat before combat per turn.
NOTE: Cavalry and Vedettes may not retreat before combat if stacked with infantry or non-retreating cavalry, or if they are surrounded.
16.21 Vedette Reconnaissance
Vedettes and regular cavalry can engage without any intention of attacking, just to discover the enemy force during the Combat Phase and then retreat before combat (see 11.1.)
16.22 Supply and Morale
Supply and Morale do not affect a cavalry unit's ability to retreat before combat.
16.23 Leaders
Leaders retreating before combat must roll for capture (see 5.22).
16.3 French Guard Infantry
Imperial Guard Infantry were elite troops who were thrown into battle very rarely. Only after the disasters in Russia and Germany were these veterans used with any frequency. But, though their impact on the battlefield remained profound, their use also entailed a certain degree of risk. Because they were believed unstoppable by their comrades in the line regiments any untoward result they experienced could be interpreted with calamitous effects for the army's morale as a whole.
16.31 Le Garde Recule
If either division Friant or Michel are involved in an attack resulting in an Ae or Ar, the Demoralization Levels of all French formations are immediately reduced by one-third (1/3) until the end of that Player-Turn.
16.32 Le Garde Irresistible
If either of the Combat Units mentioned above are in an attacking force, the combat odds for that attack will shift one to the right (a two to one attack becoming a three to one attack).
NOTE: See also 11.48 Guard Infantry and the Ex Result.
16.33 Historical Designations
Units labeled "OG" are "Old Guard," "YG" are "Young Guard." All alike are "Guard" and belong to the French Guard Corps (see also 11.41).
16.34 Optional: High-Stakes Attack
If both Players agree, a Player may "stake" any corps to increase the chances of a decisive result (one way or the other). These "staked" units get the "irresistible" benefit (16.32), for that turn only. If they do not achieve De or Dr in the ensuing combat result, then add one to the die as it stands. Example: At 3-1 odds, the Attacker rolls a 4; the Defender must retreat one hex. However, if Attacker rolled a 5 ("Ex") he would add one and must himself retreat. In this example, no 5 result is possible.
17.0 Command Structure
17.1 Coalition Army Command Structure
The Anglo-Prussian Player controls both Prussian and Anglo-Allied forces. Prussian and Anglo-Allied forces are considered "Friendly" for all game purposes, including command (see also 1.32, 5.16 Reserve Corps, and 18.0, Team Play).
18.0 Team Play
Command of the Coalition forces may be split between two players. One player controls Wellington's Anglo-Allied Army, while the other commands Blücher's Prussian army. Even the French may be split up between a Napoleon player who then delegates which of the various French Leaders and their formations the second player controls.
18.1 Communication Among Players
Players on the same side may not discuss the game with one another unless the leaders they represent are in the same or adjacent hexes. Players may exchange written messages carried by aides de camp.
18.11 Aide-de-Camp Messengers
Originating in the hex of the commander sending them, written notes may be passed among team players. They are carried by aides-de-camp who have a Movement Allowance of 14 MPs per turn.
18.12 Messenger Movement
(No heading is printed for this rule in the source; the heading is supplied here.)
Messengers move paying cavalry Movement Point costs for all terrain. Messengers may not cross Prohibited Terrain. Messengers do not physically appear on the map; their route is plotted on the Orders Slip instead. (Have your opponent(s) step away from the map while this is figured.)
18.13 Content
A written message may be of any length but may not reference hex numbers. A message may reference geographic locations such as, "Move Bülow to guard the bridge over the Dyle at Wavre;" "establish a roadblock four miles south of Waterloo." With the exception of hex numbers, subject matter in these messages is unrestricted.
18.14 Reading Messages
A message may be read during the Command Phase in the turn it arrives. Opposing players may not examine these messages. EXCEPTION: If a Leader is captured, the capturing player may examine all messages so far received. At the end of the game opposing players may examine all messages.
19.0 Scenarios
Last Days of the Grande Armée includes three Scenarios: Two Battle Scenarios and One Campaign Scenario, which employ the historical set-up positions of the armies on various dates. Players must first decide which they intend to play. Once their choice is made all Exclusive Rules unique to that scenario are in effect.
- Scenario 1. Ligny/Quatre Bras (6 Turns)
- Scenario 2. Waterloo (3 Turns)
- Campaign Scenario (18 Turns)
19.1 Variable Start Dates
Start and End Turns for each scenario are shown on the Turn Record/Reinforcement Track. If your playing time is limited, select your Scenario depending upon the time available. Except for the first playing, allow 20 minutes per turn (more if optional rules are used). The following timings assume play reaches a conclusive result by the end of day on the 18th. Set-up time (15 min or less if units are pre-sorted by corps) is included:
19.11 Playing Time
| Playing time | Start date |
|---|---|
| 2 hours | June 16th Battle Scenario |
| 3 hours | June 18th Battle Scenario |
| 6 hours | June 15th Campaign Scenario |
19.2 Setting Up the Scenarios
The Game-Turn marker is placed in the appropriate space on the Turn Record/Reinforcement Track. All full-strength forces set-up on the map face-up. Reorganized units must set-up at their reduced-strength denoted by flipping the counter over to show the ®. Each scenario includes the turns listed, under duration, as starting and ending turns.
If using Hidden Movement, all forces set-up on the map with a Hidden Force marker on top of each stack so that only their nationality is revealed.
19.21 Set-Up Tables
The Anglo-Prussian Player refers to the Set-Up Tables for the Anglo-Prussian and Prussian Armies; the French Player employs the Set-up Tables for his own Army. These cards specify the set-up location for each unit and Officer by Scenario. Each column corresponds to a particular Scenario. Where columns intersect these rows you will see hex numbers and town names where units and leaders (listed at left) are located at the start of that particular Scenario. If this space contains "N/A" the unit or leader in question is not available in the theater of operations at that time. It is recommended that you place all the combat units and leaders on the set-up cards first, in the column corresponding to the scenario being played, and then displace all the units onto the map or the Reinforcement Tracks from there. Should the setup at the beginning of a scenario have a hex overstacked, displace the excess units at the owning player's choice.
19.22 Morning Positions
The Set-up Tables show the location of each force at the beginning of the Morning Game-Turn
19.23 Start Time
Once the start date is determined, Players will find the starting locations of all units and leaders involved in the scenario by locating the appropriate column on their Set-Up Table. Each Scenario also has an End Turn. Any units and leaders that appear on the Reinforcement Tracks after the Start Turn and before the End Turn will enter the game as Reinforcements.
19.24 Bridge Trains
In the Campaign Scenario, Bridge Trains must be set-up as shown on the French Reinforcement Tracks. In the Battle Scenarios, Bridge Trains set-up freely anywhere within one hex of Friendly Combat units on the map.
19.25 Army Commanders
Blücher, Wellington and Napoleon may set-up with any Friendly forces, or may use their historical location at the Owning Player's option.
19.26 Cavalry
Cavalry Brigades may set-up anywhere within two hexes of their Corps officer (not in Enemy ZOCs) or a specific hex listed for them. Vedettes may set-up anywhere within two hexes of the location given for their parent unit.
19.27 Units in Road March
Units may set up in Road March at the owning player's choice.
19.28 Reduced Strength Units
The table specifies which units in which dates set-up in a reduced state (set-up the counter with the side showing the ®). This indicates that the unit has already been reorganized. NOTE: Unlike the other set-up information which applies to all units within a three-line group, an ® applies only to the unit listed on the same line.
19.3 Reinforcements
Reinforcement combat units and leaders enter the game at the hex specified, arriving on the mapedge from territory beyond. All Reinforcement entries are shown on the Reinforcement Tracks on the mapedge. Units and Officers listed on the Mapedge Reinforcement Tracks enter the map on the turn listed, at the Entry Hex (A, B, C, etc.) adjoining the Track. If an officer's name is listed, all of his units which are not listed separately somewhere else arrive on the same turn. (If there are such units detached from his command, this is denoted by the symbol: "(-)" next to his formation i.d).
19.3 March Order
One March Order per player may be issued prior to the start of any scenario, to any friendly force in play on the map, which is within 27 MPs of the friendly Army Commander—if he is on-map at the start of the scenario (see 8.22).
20.0 Victory Conditions
Your Victory Objectives are listed below. An Automatic Victory may occur prior to the specified end of a scenario.
20.1 Victory Points
Victory is awarded to the side that has accumulated the highest number of Victory Points. This is determined at the end of the game. The Victory Conditions below apply to all scenarios. Victory Points are awarded as follows:
20.11 Ratio of Total Combat Losses
| Anglo-Prussian : French | 1:2 | 1:1 | 2:1 | 3:1+ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| French Victory Points | -3 | -2 | 0 | +3 |
Depending on the Ratio of Total Anglo-Prussian to French Combat Strength lost during play, the French Player gains or loses points. "Total Strength Lost" includes units in both destroyed units compartments. Do not count combat losses accrued before the start date of the scenario being played. Eliminated Vedettes do not grant victory points.
20.12 Controlled Friendly Supply Source: 2 Victory Points
Each Player receives TWO points for certain Friendly Supply Sources not controlled by the Enemy. To be considered in control of them, Enemy units must have been the last to enter them in supply. The French Player gains TWO Victory Points for control of Supply Source H. The Anglo-Prussian Player receives TWO Victory Points for control of Source C, and TWO Points for control of Source A.
NOTE: These hexes represent each of the three Armies' main line of communications.
20.13 Demoralized Enemy Corps: 1 Victory Point
Each Player receives one point for each Enemy Corps Demoralized at the end of play.
20.14 Total Anglo-Prussian Losses
| Strength Points Lost | 11-24 | 25-40 | 40-50 | 50+ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anglo-Prussian Victory Pts. | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
The Anglo-Prussian Player receives up to three points depending upon the total Strength Points lost by his army.
20.15 Control
Victory Points will be awarded for control of Supply Source hexes. To be considered as "controlling" one of these hexes, the player's Combat Unit must physically occupy the hex, in supply, or be the last Combat Unit to have occupied or moved through it. The unit must be in the supply at the moment it occupies the hex.
20.2 Levels of Victory
The Player with the most points wins. The total of points achieved by either player is expressing as a ratio.
| Ratio of Victory Points (French : Anglo-Prussian) | Result |
|---|---|
| 1:2 | Anglo-Prussian Decisive Victory |
| up to and including 1:1 | Anglo-Prussian Victory |
| between 1:1 and 2:1 | French Marginal Victory |
| 2:1+ but less than 3:1 | French Victory |
| 3:1+ but less than 4:1 | French Decisive Victory |
| 4:1 | French Crushing Victory |
20.3 Automatic Victory
A Scenario immediately ends in an Anglo-Prussian Victory the moment the Napoleon unit is captured.
21.0 The Scenarios
21.1 Scenario One: The Battles of Ligny & Quatre Bras
In this scenario the French player must try for a crushing blow to knock-out one of the two Coalition Armies.
21.11 First Player
French
21.12 Duration
Morning 16 June—Afternoon 17 June
21.13 Special Introductory Format
Players may select from the following Rules Sections—at their option they can leave out any or all of: Leaders, Reorganization, Command, March Orders, Pontoon Bridges, Road March, Supply or any Optional rules.
Special Movement Allowances: In the introductory format, ignore "Initiative." Infantry units always move 4 Movement Points, and Cavalry always move 6 Movement Points.
21.14 Initiative Chits At Start
Each Player begins the game with a number of Chits as follows:
French Player: one x 4/6 chit and one x 3/4 in his cup. His hand begins with one x 4/6 and two x 2/3s. Anglo-Prussian Player: one x 4/6 chit and one x 3/4 in his hand. His cup begins with two x 2/3s.
21.2 Scenario Two: The Battle of Waterloo
Here the French player directs a desperate battle to break the Anglo-Allied center quickly, before the arrival of the Prussians.
21.21 First Player
French
21.22 Duration
Morning 18 June—Evening 18 June. (The ending time for this scenario on the Turn Record Track is incorrect.)
21.23 Special Introductory Format (see 21.13)
21.24 Initiative Chits At Start
Each Player begins the game with a number of Chits as follows:
French Player: one x 4/6 chit and one x 3/4 in his hand. His cup begins with one x 4/6 and two x 2/3s. Anglo-Prussian Player: one x 4/6 chit and one x 3/4 in his hand. His cup begins with two x 2/3s.
NOTE: Ney, d'Erlon, and Napoleon begin the scenario in enemy ZOCs. (The French move first.) The above are not required to attack or be attacked on the 0400 turn. Treat them as having all failed their Elan check (due to mud).
21.3 Campaign Scenario: The Last Days of the Grande Armée
The campaign scenario begins with the entry of the French forces into Belgium. At this moment the Prussians have just discovered the whereabouts of the French army.
21.31 First Player
French
21.32 Duration
Morning 15 June—afternoon 19 June.
21.33 Initiative Chits At Start
Each player begins with a number of chits as follows:
French Player: two x 2/3 chits and one x 3/4 in his hand. His cup begins with two x 4/6s. Anglo-Prussian Player: one x 4/6 chit and one x 3/4 in his hand. His cup contains two x 2/3s.
21.34 French Chit Play on 15 June morning
To reflect delay of orders and resulting poor coordination of the corps, the French Player may not Force March on this turn.
21.35 Supply Sources
Prussian: any reinforcement entry hex on the east mapedge. Anglo-Allied: any reinforcement entry hex on the north or west mapedge. French: any reinforcement entry hex on the south mapedge.
21.36 Optional Free Set-Up
A. Using a March Orders Slip, the French Player must secretly re-designate the entry hex of all his forces that ordinarily enter at hex G, H, or I., to any French entry hex. He may not change their turn of entry. B. The Anglo-Prussian Player may freely set-up hex non-reinforcement forces on the map anywhere north of the 1400 hex row inclusive. C. The French Player reveals his reinforcement arrival info.
Terrain Effects Chart
The basic cost to enter a Hex is one Movement Point (MP). The actual cost to enter a given Hex may be more or less, depending upon the terrain in the Hex, on the Hexside being crossed, and the unit type. For units in Road March the cost of connected Road hexes is one-half Movement Point.
Defending units may have their strength doubled, increased by 50% or halved, depending on the character of the terrain. Attacking units may have their strength halved, depending on the terrain of the Hex under attack or of the Hexside through which they are attacking—when halving strengths, round fractions up.
| Terrain Type | MPs to Enter or Cross | Effect on Combat |
|---|---|---|
| Clear Hex | 1 MP | No Effect |
| Slope Hex | No additional MPs to enter. Trains may enter Slope Hexes only via Roads or Trails | No Effect. |
| Slope Hexside | 1 additional MP to cross moving up hill. | Defender's strength increased by 50% when attacked exclusively through Slope Hexsides. |
| Chateau (Town in Red) | 1 MP. No Repulse Allowed (see 10.12B) | Against a single infantry unit, the combat odds may not be higher than 2:1—no Combined Arms odds shift. All Dr and Dr2 results are ignored, and D1/2 results are treated as Ex results (see 11.6) |
| Woods Hex | No additional MPs. | No effect. |
| Woods Hexside (covered by woods) | Cavalry & Artillery: 3 additional MPs. Infantry: 1 additional MP | Cav. Strength Halved when attacking or being attacked across Woods Hexside. Inf. no effect. Combined Arms not allowed if Cavalry attacks through Woods Hexside. No bombardment across. |
During Mud, all Movement costs for Train units are doubled. Trains may not enter Slope hexes or cross Streams except via roads or trails. Trains, Artillery, Leaders and Vedettes pay cavalry costs.
Combat Results Table
Probability Ratio (Odds) Attacker : Defender
| Die Roll | 1-5 | 1-4 | 1-3 | 1-2 | 1-1 1/2 | 1-1 | 1 1/2-1 | 2-1 | 3-1 | 4-1 | 5-1 | 6-1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ar2 | Ar | Dr | Dr | Dr | Dr | Dr2 | D1/2 | De | De | De | De |
| 2 | Ar3 | Ar2 | Ex | Dr | Dr |
Explanation of Combat Results
See 11.4 above. Chart examples:
- A1/2 (D1/2): At least half of the attacking (defending) Combat Strength Points are eliminated (owning player's choice of units). Other remains engaged, which means they remain in EZOCs at the end of turn. Example: The French Player's unit Deroy (8SP) is defending against 24 Austrians SPs. Austrian rolls a 2 (D1/2). Deroy is eliminated. If Deroy had been stacked with Wrede (8SP) a result D1/2 would mean that just one division would have been eliminated.
- Ex (Exchange): All Combat units on the weaker side are eliminated; the stronger side eliminates units which total at least half of the Combat Strength of the weaker side. Compare (unmodified) face-value SPs of all units. EXAMPLE: The weaker side has 11 SPs and the friendly side has four units, with 2, 3, 8, and 10 SPs. Half of 11 is 5.5 and he must lose more, so he removes the '8.' If the weaker side had 16 SPs instead, the friendly force would still lose the 8 (16 x 0.5 = 8).
Combat Ratio Shifts and Die Roll Modifiers
- Napoleon: If Napoleon is stacked with an attacking or defending force or bombarding artillery, the odds column for the ensuing combat is shifted one column in his favor.
- Combined Arms: If an attacking (not bombarding) force includes both infantry and at least one SP of cavalry, the combat odds for the attack are shifted one column to the right before the dice are rolled (a 1 to 1 attack becomes a 1.5 to 1).
- Odds: At odds less than 1 to 5 add one to the die roll for each ratio less than 1 to 5. At odds greater than 6 to 1 subtract one from the die roll for each ratio greater than 6 to 1. No die roll result, however, can be greater than 6 or less than one.
Capture of Leaders
| Die Roll | Result |
|---|---|
| 1-5 | Retreat O.K. |
| 6 | Leader Captured |
Die Roll Modifiers: Add 1 to the die roll for each odds column on the 'bad' side of 1:1. Subtract any Command Rating from the die roll.
Command Range Summary
Range for Commanders and Officers: 2 Hexes.
Cost of Terrain When Tracing Command: Road / Trail 1/2 Hex; All Other Terrain except impassable 1 Hex.
Road March Command Range (see 7.21): Any unit is considered in Command if it is in Road March and within 2 hexes of another unit of its formation, on a connected road, that is itself already in Command.